AMERICAN BEE JOURNAL
VOLUME 139 , No. 1, JANUARY 1999
Do-it-yourselfer—Super Hive Top Feeder
BOB HORR ............................................................ .32
January—In the North
BOB HORR ..............................................................36
January—In the South
RALPH V. RUSS ................................. ............... .. .39
Have the Package Bee Breeders Gone High Tech?
ANCEL GOOLSBEY .................................................40
Traveling Hints
HOWARD SCOTT .....................................................42
The Microbiology of Honey—Meeting Your Buyers' Specifications
(Why they do what they do)
JILL A. SNOWDON .....................................................51
This special research paper written by SGA Associates on behalf of
the National Honey Board represents a large volume of research on
this important topic. Although much of the research is directed to
larger honey producers and packers, it should be read by every bee-
keeper who produces honey for himself and others. As editor, I want
to reiterate what the author states repeatedly: Honey remains one of
the purest products consumed by man and it is relatively free of
microorganisms. However, we must do our part to keep it that way
as we extract and bottle this delicious and healthy food!
Influence of Organic Acids and Compounds of Essential Oils on
Honey Taste
STEFAN BOGDANOV, VERENA KJLCHENMANN,
PETER FLURI, URSULA BUHLER and PIERRE LANVANCHY...........61
DEPARTMENTS
American Bee Journa
25,50,75,100
YearsAgo 9
Letters to the Editor 12
New snotes 15
The-World Tloney
Market 21
Classified Advertising 64
AdVertising lndex 68
COLUMNS
Strictly fortheHobbyist
KEITHS. DELAPLANE 25
The Classroom
JERRY HAYES 28
Drones - Part II
STEVETABER 30
The Fanrily 44
The Other Side of Beekeeping
GEORGE S.AYERS 46
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AMERICAN BEE JOURNAL
VOLUME 139 No. 2 Web:http://www.dadant.com FEBRUARY 1999
The Diversification of a Beekeeper
HERB SPENCER .....................................103
Do It Yourself—Switching to One-size Equipment
BOB Z. HORR ....................................... .III
Taxes for Beekeepers
HOWARD SCOTT ....................................114
Some Winter Colony Management Procedures
(But only do them if absolutely necessary) .
JAMES E. TEW ..................................... .121
Does the Small Hive Beetle Have Alternate Food Sources?
FRANK A. EISCHEN, DAVID WESTERVELT,
and CHARLOTTE RANDALL ......................... .125
Screening for Hygienic Behavior in the Summer of 1998
DON JACKSON ......................................131
Varroa in the Mating Yard: 1. The Effects of
Varroajacobsoni and Apistan on Drone Honey Bees
THOMAS E. RINDERER, LILIA 1. DE GUZMAN,
VICKI A. LANCASTER, GARY T. DELATTE
and J. ANTHONY STELZER .................. ........ .134
_______________________________
DEPARTMENTS
American Bee Journal-
25, 50,75,100
Years Ago 85
Letters to the Editor 87
Newsnotes 91
The World Honey
Market 97
Classified Advertising 140
Advertising Index 144
COLUMNS
The Classroom
JERRY HAYES 101
Month-by-Month—February
BOB HORR and RALPH RUSS 107 & 110
Honey Bee Biology
WYATT A. MANGUM 117
Drones - Part III
STEVE TABER 126
The Family 128
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AMERICAN BEE JOURNAL
VOL. 139, NO. 3, MARCH 1999
Apimondia '99 "Beekeeping in the New Millennium"
Vancouver, Canada: 12-18 September, 1999 ............................... .161
Apimondia Program.........................................................................164
Practical Selection to Breed Bees With Rapid Development
to Enhance Resistance to Varroa Mites
JASNA KRALJ and GARD W. OTIS ........................................... .191
Pesticide Resistance in Varroa Mites: Theory and Practice
P.J. ELZEN, J.R. BAXTER, F.A. EISCHEN
and W.T. WILSON ....................................................................... .195
One of the Ways of Bees: The Honey Bee's Nest
JAMES E. TEW ............................................................................ .197
Obtaining Good Drawn Combs From Foundation
DON JACKSON .............................................................................201
Do It Yourself: Five-frame Nucleus Hive
BOB Z. HORR ................................................................................ .209
The Intricate Process of Installing a Package
HOWARD SCOTT ..........................................................................218
Willows Are Wonderful
RICHARD DALBY .........................................................................220
Varroa in the Mating Yard: II. The Effects of Varroa and
Fluvalinate on Drone Mating Competitiveness
H. ALLEN SYLVESTER, RACHEL P. WATTS,
LILIA 1. DE GUZMA^, J. ANTHONY STELZER
and THOMAS E. RINDERER ........................................................ .225
DEPARTMENTS
American Bee Journal-
25, 50,75,100
Years Ago 169
Letters to the Editor 173
Newsnotes 175
The World Honey
Market 185
Classified Advertising 228
Advertising Index 232
COLUMNS
The Classroom
JERRY HAYES 183
Strictly for the Hobbyist
KEITH S. DELAPLANE 189
Month-by-Month—March
BOB HORR and RALPH RUSS 205 & 208
Wonders of the Stingless Bees
STEVE TABER 213
The Family 216
The Other Side of Beekeeping
GEORGE S. AYERS 222
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AMERICAN BEE JOURNAL
VOLUME 139 No. 4 Web:http://www.dadant.com APRIL 1999
Tales From the Lonesome Hive
ROGER HOOPINGARNER .............................. . .273
Catching Swarms
HOWARD SCOTT ...................................... .279
Package Bees From Chile to Europe
ROSSY CASTILLO OROZCO . ...... ...... ........ ... . ... .281
Colimaphos and the Darwin Awards
FRANK A. EISCHEN ... ....... ...... ......... ........ ...... .283
Evaluations of the Varroa-resistance of Honey Bees Imported
From Far-Eastern Russia
THOMAS E. RINDERER, GARY T. DELATTE,
LILIA 1. DE GUZMAN, JON WILLIAMS,
J. ANTHONY STELZER and VICTOR N. KUZNETSOV . .. .. .287
Do-It-Yourself—Mini-mating Nucs
BOB Z. HORR ... ..... . . ..... . .... .... . .. ... . . ... . .. .. .297
The Delightful Dandelion
RICHARD DALBY ................ ...... ....... ........... .300
Varroa in the Mating Yard: III. The Effects of Formic Acid
Gel-Formulation on Drone Production
LILIA 1. DE GUZMAN, THOMAS E. RINDERER,
VICKI A. LANCASTER, GARY T. DELATTE
and ANTHONY STELZER .................. ...........:....... .304
PROCEEDINGS OF THE AMERICAN
BEE RESEARCH CONFERENCE . .... . ... . ... ..... . ... . .... .308
The 1999 American Bee Research Conference was held on January 4 and 5 at
the Hilton Hotel in Baton Rouge, LA. The 19 summaries included in this issue
of the American Bee Research represent some of the latest research on impor-
tant topics to all beekeepers. Please take some time to read these summaries so
you will have a better understanding of current U.S. bee research efforts. The
authors have made an effort to make these summaries understandable and
interesting to the average beekeeper.
DEPARTMENTS
American Bee Journal-
25, 50,75,100
Years Ago 249
Letters to the Editor 253
Newsnotes 257
The World Honey
Market 264
Classified Advertising 316
Advertising Index 320
COLUMNS
The Classroom
JERRY HAYES 269
Strictly for the Hobbyist
KEITH S. DELAPLANE 271
Honey Bee Biology
WYATT A. MANGUM 275
Varroa Resistance
STEVE TABER 285
Month-by-Month—April
BOB HORR and RALPH RUSS 291 & 295
The Family 302
April 1999
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AMERICAN BEE JOURNAL
VOL.139, No. 5, MAY 1999
Tales From the Lonesome Hive
ROGER HOOPINGARNER ................................................................................353
The Making of a Sideline Beekeeper
HOWARD SCOTT ..............................................................................................354
Amitrax Resistance in Varroa: New Discovery in North America
P.J. ELZEN, J.R. BAXTER, M. SPIVAK & W.T. WILSON ............................. .362
IPM for Beekeepers
DEWEY M. CARON ........................................................................................ .363
Pollen Traps as a Method of Varroa Control
TROY HART & RAY NABORS ...................................................................... .366
Do We Have Varroa-tolerant Bees in Europe?
ERIK OSTERLUND...........................................................................................369
How Does a Honey Bee Colony Know That It is Hungry?
DAVID J. SCHULZ ......................................................................................... .377
Do It Yourself Super Hive Uni-Bottom Board
BOB Z. HORR .............................................................................................. .380
Yellow Starthistle on the Hit List in California
LARRY GOLTZ ................................................................................................383
Effects of a Bee Pollen Diet on the Growth of the Laboratory Rat
R.A. LIEBELT and D. CALCAGNETTI .......................... ................................390
DEPARTMENTS
American Bee Journal-
25, 50,75,100
Yeaiars Ago 337
Letters to the Editor 340
Newsnotes 343
The World Honey
Market 347
Classified Advertising 396
Advertising Index 400
COLUMNS
The Classroom
JERRY HAYES 351
Month-by-Month May
BOB HORR and RALPH Russ 357 & 360
What Causes Bees to Swarm?
STEVE TABER 375
The Family 382
The Other Side ofBeekeeping
GEORGE S. AYERS 385
____________________________________
AMERICAN BEE JOURNAL
VOL. 139, No. 6, JUNE 1999
Dadant Bee Supply Factory Damaged by April Tornado .......................................... .421
The Price of Honey. . .Lately
CARL E. SHAFER .............................................................................................. .436
Beetle Watching
FRANK A. EISCHEN ......................................................................................... .452
Do It Yourself—A Simple Solar Beeswax Melter
BOBZ.HORR ........................................................................................................457
How to Get Your Kids Interested in Bees
HOWARD SCOTT...............................................................................................460
The African Bee, Apis mellifera scutellata. Threatened in Her South
African Homeland by the Cape Bee, Apis mellifera capensis
SUSAN COBEY ..................................................................................................462
The Case for the Catalpa
RICHARD DALBY ..............................................................................................469
A Hive Modification to Reduce Varroa Populations
J.S. PETTIS and H. SHIMANUKI ...................................................................... .471
Effects of the Slatted Rack on Brood Production and its Distribution
in the Brood Nest
KEITH S. DELAPLANE .................................................................................... .474
DEPARTMENTS
Letters to the Editor ............................................................................................. 416
Newsnotes ................................................................................................. 424
American Bee Journal-
25, 50,75,100
Years Ago............................................................................................................. 430
The World Honey
Market ........................................................................................................... 433
Classified Advertising ................................................................................................ 477
Advertising Index ................................................................................................ 480
COLUMNS
Honey Bee Biology
WYATTA.MANGUM .................................................................................. 440
Tales From the Lonesome Hive
ROGER HOOPINGARNER ................................................................................ 443
Month-by-Month June
BOB HORR and RALPH RUSS................................................................................... 445 & 448
The Small Hive Beetle
STEVE TABER .......................................................................................... 450
The Classroom
JERRY HAYES ........................................................................................... 454
The Family ................................................................................................ 468
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AMERICAN BEE JOURNAL
VOL. 139, NO. 7, JULY 1999
Maximizing Honey Production - Hints on now to optimize your noney
production from Maryland Master Beekeeper George Imirie
Carl J. Wenning ................................................................................................................................523
Do-It-Yourself - A Pollen Trap for the Uni-bottom Board
Bob Z. Horr.........................................................................................................................................527
The Heat Box - The Small Beekeeper's
Solution to Reliquefying Honey
Howard Scott .....................................................................................................................................531
Studies of the Small Hive Beetle in North Carolina
D.I. Hopkins, C.A. Nalepa, G.D. Hackney, and K.A. Kidd . . .................................................. 536
Selective Breeding of Honey Bee Colonies for Resistance
to Varroa jacobsoni and the Effects of Management
Techniques on Varroa Infestation Levels
Tibor 1. Szabo.................................................................................................................................. 537
The Century of Acarapis woodi
First discovered about 1918 in Scotland, Acarapis woodi was
perceived as the cause of a spectacular disease, previously
known in Britain since 1906 at "the Isle of Wight disease"
Leslie Bailey.......................................................................................................................................541
The Birds and the Bees—Bee-eaters—Friend or Foe?
"Keep your rich hives free of bee-eaters." So wrote Virgil,
the great Roman poet and beekeeper of old.
David C. Cramp ............................................................................................................................... 543
The Valley of La Tinee: Wax and Honey
In France, under canon law, only beeswax could be used for
lighting in churches. So French religious orders such as the
'Trinitaires" and benevolent associations like the "Penitents"
kept bees to supply the churches with this essential raw material.
Luigi Nino Masetti. ........................................................................................................................ 547
DEPARTMENTS
Letters to the
Editor ...............................................................................................................................................497
Newsnotes .........................................................................................................................................501
American Bee
Journal 25,50,
75,100 Years ....................................................................................................................................506
The World
Honey Market. ................................................................................................................................. 509
Classified
Advertising........................................................................................................................................ 557
Advertising
Index ...............................................................................................................................................560
COLUMNS
The Classroom
Jerry Hayes ................................................................................................................................513
Month-by-Month—July
Bob Horr and Ralph Russ ...................................................................................................... 515 & 518
Tales From the Lonesome Hive
Roger Hoopingarner................................................................................................................ 520
The South Caroina Small Hive Beetle Experiment
Steve Taber................................................................................................................................. 534
The Family ..................................................................................................................................... 550
The Other Side of Beekeeping
George S. Ayers. ........................................................................................................................ 552
_______________________________________
AMERICAN BEE JOURNAL
VOL. 139 , NO. 8 , AGUST 1999
Varroa andAfricanized Bees: An Update
Frank A. Eischen 594
What Price Honey?—Are you charging enough for your honey at the retail level?
Carl J. Wenning 597
Do It Yourself-—Super Observation Hive—We approached this observation hive a
little bit differently and tried to make it more artistic, but still permit easy observa-
tion and study of the fife cycle of the honey bee.
Bob Z. Horr 613
Observations on an Observation Hive—With its lower and upper frames surround'
ecf by glass walls on both sides, it is a perfect instrument to witness what the bees
do and how they do it
Howard Scott 617
Fabulous Fireweed—Few honey plants are more picturesque. When conditions
are right, few will yield more honey.
Richard Dalby 621
All About Pests and Diseases—in spite of research, in spite of discussion groups,
in spite of conventions and bee magazines' in spite of books and publicity, some
of this stuff just isn't getting around to everybody. You'd think it would, but it's not
Don Jackson 623
Protection of Honey combs From Wax Moth Damage—For ail control strategies, it
is necessary to inspect stored materials regularly during the warm season.
Jean-Daniel Charriere and Anton lmdorf 627
Delaware Bee Mite Survey— We are currently conducting experiments at the
University of Delaware comparing different methods of estimating the size of the
mite populations in colonies of honey bees on Deiman/a, with an eye towards
treatment thresholds.
Dewey M. Caron. 631
The Legacy of Alabama—The first honey bees reported and documented in
Alabama was in 1773 in the southern part of the state. By 1796 they were
recorded In the northern (mountains) area of Alabama.
Jim Smith 634
Letters to the
Editor 576
Newsnotes 579
American Bee
Journal 25,50,
75, 100 Years 584
The World
Honey Market 587
Classified
Advertising 637
Advertising
Index 640
Honey Bee Biology
WyattA. Mangum 591
The Classroom
Jerry Hayes 602
Month-by-Month—August
Bob Horr and Ralph Russ 604 & 607
Tales From the Lonesome Hive
Roger Hoopingarner 609
Colony Management—Late Spring, Early Summer
Steve Taber 611
The Family 619
_______________________________________
AMERICAN BEE JOURNAL
Volume 139, No. 9 , September -1999
Honey Producers Should Be Subsidized—Will Congress help
beekeepers in the Omnibus Farm Biff?
Glenn Gibson 666
Argentine Honey Exports: Their Impact on World Honey Trade—Part f—
Argentine honey producers must demand more for their honey.
Martin Braunstein 671
Colony Management in the Midwest— Our success here in central
Iowa can be attributed to a great deal of research in management
Glen L Stanley 685
The Language of Beekeeping—The key to appropriate language use
in any profession is a consistent and accurate use of terminology
Carl J, Wenmng 687
Increasing Bee Club Membership—A growing membership pumps
new blood into the organization, swe/fs the number of volunteers,
and can yield new ideas and perspectives,
Howard Scott. 689
Do-It-Yourself—A Simple Solar Honey Uquefier (Melter)—We open
the fid and surprise, surpnse, the honey has crystallized!
Bob Z. Horr 693
Tip of the Month—Top Hive Insulation
Bob Z. Horr 693
Autumn's Asters—In areas where asters abound, beekeepers sometimes
secure a late-season honey crop from these ubiquitous plants,
Richard Dalby 698
Himalayan ceranaid Development Assistance to Preserve and
Promote Apis cerana Beekeeping in Nepal—Part I of two parts
Conrad Berube 707
Trichogramma for Wax Moth Control—WUf these tiny wasps
prove themselves as an effective biologicaf control for wax moths?
Franz Bollhalder 711
Shipping Conditions of Honey Bee Queens—We placed small temper'
afure monitoring devices inside queen shipments from across the U.S,
Diana Sammataro, Jennifer Finley and Scott Camazine 713
Letters to the
Editor 657
Newsnotes 660
American Bee
Journal 25,50,
75, 100 Years 663
The World
Honey Market 667
Classified
Advertising 717
Advertising
Index 720
The Classroom
Jerry Hayes 675
Tales From the Lonesome Hive
Roger Hoopingarner 678
Month-by-Month—September
Bob Horr and Ralph Russ 680 & 683
The Family 694
Beautiful Bee Flowers in the Garden
Steve Taber 696
The Other Side of Beekeeping
George S. Ayers 700
_________________________________
AMERICAN BEE JOURNAL
Volume 139, No. 10 , October 1999
A Lesson in World Honey Supply and Demand
Dave Hackenberg 747
Argentine Honey fcxports: Their Impact on World Honey Trade—Part II
Martin Braunstein 748
Safety in the Bee Yard—As with almost any profession, there are occupa-
tional hazards associated with beekeeping. Beekeeping hazards can range
from merely initating, all the way through fife threatening.
Carl J, Wenning & Thomas L Elston 767
Moving Bees in the Davlime?—or The Beekeeper's Intelligence Test—
Every beginning beekeeper knows from his very first short course that
you move bees at night
Stephen McDaniel 776
Minor Bee Plants Can Be of Major Importance—These lesser'known
sources of nectar and pollen, while seldom providing much surplus,
are nevertheless of importance to beekeepers.
Richard Dalby 778
Huck Finn Would Have Liked Drone Catching: Looking for Varroa in
the Nr—Is the Drone an important transportation source for varroa
from one colony to another?
Frank A. Eischen 780
The New Prozac?—Beekeeping can help to keep us grounded, sane,
and upbeat, as long as we are open to its song.
Howard Scott 781
Himalayan cerana\d—Development Assistance to Preserve and
Promote Apis cerana Beekeeping in Nepal—Part II of Two Parts
Conrad Berube 784
Apicultaual Research in Spain—How do Spanish bee research
priorities compare to those of the USA?
David C. Cramp 788
Control of the Small Hive Beetle, Aethina tumida, in Package Bees—
We undertook two large studies in the southeastern U.S. designed to
test beetle control strategies in packages.
J.R. Baxter, P.J. Elzen, D. Westervelt, D. Causey, C. Randall, FA.
Eischen and W.T. Wilson 792
The Presence of Varroa jacobsoni Mite and Ascosphaera apis fungi
in Collapsing and Normal Honey Bee {Apis mellifera L.) Colonies in
Yucatan, Mexico.
Luis M. Medina and Eusebio Vicario Mejia 794
Departements
Letters to the
Editor 737
Newsnotes 739
American Bee
Journal 25,50,
75, 100 Years 741
The World
Honey Market 744
Classified
Advertising 797
Advertising
Index 800
Colums
Honey Bee Biology
Wyatt A. Mangum 754
The Classroom
Jerry Hayes 758
Comments on Queen Introduction
Steve Taber 760
Month-by-Month—October
Bob Horr and Ralph Russ 762 & 765
Do-It-Yourself—Uncapping Station
Bob Horr 773
The Family 782
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