EARTH & PLANETARY SCIENCE LETTERS

VOL. 169, NO. 3-4 , JUNE 1999

Regular Letters

Trace elements in anoithite megaciysts from the Klirile island Arc: a window to across-arc geochemical variations in magma
compositions
I.N. Bindeman and J.C. Bailey .................................................... 209

Cracking at the magma-hydrothermal transition: evidence from the Troodos Ophiolite, Cyprus
K.M. Gillis and M.D. Roberts ..................................................... 227

Fission track and numerical thermal modeling of differential exhumation of the Glarus thrust plane (Switzerland)
M.K. Rahn and B. Grasemann .................................................... 245

An upper bound on the rate of strain in the Central Apennines, Italy, from triangulation measurements between 1869 and 1963
I. Hunstad and P. Hngland ...................................................... 261

Earthquake-related elemental and isotopic lead anomaly in a springwater
F. Poitrasson, S.H. Dundas, J.-P. Toutain, M. Munoz and A. Rigo ................................. 269

Organic matter and trace element rich sapropels and black shales: a geochemical comparison
I.A. Nijenhuis, H.-J. Bosch, J.S. Sinninghe Damste, H.-J. Brumsack and G.J. De Lange .................... 277

Experimental shock deformation in zircon: a transmission electron microscopic study
H. Leroux, W.U. Reimold, C. Koeberi, U. Homemann and J.-C. Doukhan ............................ 291

A model that reconciles major" and trace-element data from abyssal peridotites
P.D. Asimow.............................................................. 303

Author Index Volume 169 ......................................................... 321
Contents Volume 169 ........................................................... 325

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EARTH & PLANTERY SCIENCR LETTERS

VOL. 165, NO. 1 , JANUARY 1999



Regular Letters
Paleomagnetic study of middle Cretaceous rocks from Yunlong, western Yunnan, China: evidence of southward displacement of
Indochina
K. Sato. Y Uu, Z. Zhu, Z. Yang and Y.-i. Otofuji 1


Problems wilh using radiocarbon to infer ocean ventilation rates for past and present climates
J.-M. Campin, T Fichefet and L-C. Duplessy 17


Time-dependent formation of mantled inclusion structures for different rheologies under a simple shear
A.A. Ten and D.A. Yuen 25


Feldspar-Ti-oxidc metasomatism in off-cratomc continental and oceanic upper mantle
D.A. lonov, M. Gregoire and VS. Prikhod'ko 37


Water-rock interactions, orthopyroxene growth, and Si-enrichment in the mantle: evidence in xenoliths from the Colorado
Plateau, southwestern United States
D. Smith, J.C. Alexis Riter and S.A. Mertzman 45



The influence ofolivine metastability on the dynamics of subduction
H, Schmeling, R- Monz and D.C Rubie 55


Rock magnetism and palaeomagnetism ofgreigite-bearing mudstones in the Italian peninsula
L. Sagnotti and A, Winkler 67


Mantle flow, melting, and dehydration of the Iceland mantle plume
G. lto, Y, Shen, G. Hirth and CJ, Wolfe 81


High-resolution chronostraligraphy from downhole susceptibility logging tuned by palaeoclimatic orbital frequencies
V. Barthes, J.P. Pozzi, R Vibert-Charbonnel, J. Thibal and M.A. Melieres 97


Torfajokull: a radiogenic end-member of the Iceland Pb-isotopic array
O, Slecher, R,W. Carlson and B, Gunnarsson 117


Rock magnetic and grain size evidence for intensified Asian atmospheric circulation since 800,000 years B.R related to Tibetan
uplift
X.-M, Fang. J.-J. Li and R. Van der Voo 129


A low seismic wavespeed anomaly beneath northwestern India: a seismic signature of the Deccan plume?
B.L.N. Kennett and S. Widiyantoro 145

Express Letter
Stalagmite luminescence and peat humification records ofpalaeomoisture for the last 2500 years
A. Baker, CJ. Caseldine, M.A. Gilmour, D, Charman, CJ. Proctor, CJ, Hawkesworth and N, Phillips 157

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EARTH & PLANETARY SCIENCE LETTERS
VOL. 165, NO. 2, JANUARY 1999


Regular Letters
hydrocode modeling of Chicxulub as an oblique impact event
E. Pierazzo and H.J. Melosh .......................................................................................... 163

Dyke propagation with distributed damage of the host rock
C. Meriaux, J.R. Lister, V. Lyakhovsky and A. Agnon ..................................................... 177

Complete miscibility between silicate melts and hydrous fluids in the upper mantle: experimental evidence and geochemical
implications
H. Bureau and H. Keppler ....................................................................................................... 187

Long-term fluxes and budget of ferric iron: implication for the redox states of the Earth's mantle and atmosphere
C. Lecuyer and Y. Ricard ......................................................................................................... 197

Early Ordovician orogenic event in Galicia (N W Spain): evidence from U-Pb ages in the uppermost unit of the Ordenes
Complex
J. Abati, G.R. Dunning, R. Arenas, F. Dfaz Garcfa, P. Gonzalez Cuadra, J.R. Martmez Catalan and P. Andonaegui ...... 213

Low-temperature properties of a single crystal of magnetite oriented along principal magnetic axes
Ö. Ozdemir and D.J. Dunlop ................................................................................................................................... 229

_______________________________________

EARTH & PLANETARY SCIENCE LETTERS
VOL. 165, NOS. 3 - 4 , FEBRUARY 1999

Regular letters
Geomagnetic palcosecular variation in the Brunhes period, from the island of El Hierro (Canary Islands)
N, Szeremeta, C, Laj, H. Guillou, C. Kissel. A. Mazaud and J.-C Carracedo 241


Implications for sedimentation changes on the Iberian margin over the last two glacial/interglacial transitions from ((230)Thexccss)o
systematics
J. Thomson, S. Nixon. CR Summerhayes, J. Schonfeld, R, Zahn and P. Grootes 255


Mechanics and mechanisms of magmatic underplating: inferences from mafic veins in deep cnistal mylonite
M.R, Handy and LE. Strcit 271


Aragonian stratigraphy reconsidered, and a re-evaluation of the middle Miocene mammal biochronology in Europe
R, Daams, A.L van der Meulen, M,A. Alvarez Sierra, R Pelaez-Campomanes and W, Krijgsman 287

Erratum

Erratum to "Brazilian laterite dynamics using in situ-produced (10)Be" [Earth Planet Set Lett. 163 (1998) 197-205]
R, Braucher, D,L. Bourles R Colin, ET. Brown and B. Boulange 295

Author Index Volume 165 297

Contents Volume 165 301


_______________________________________

EARTH & PLANETARY SCIENCE LETTERS

VOL. 166, NOS. 1-2 , FEBRUARY 1999


Regular Letters

The top Olduvai polarity transition at ODP Site 983 (Iceland Basin)
A. Mazaud and J.E/L Channell 1


Trace element partitioning during the initial stages of melting beneath mid-ocean ridges
VJ.M. Salters and L Longhi 15


Development of a deep-crustal shear zone in response to syntectonic intrusion of mafic magma into the lower crust, lvrea-
Verbano zone, Italy
A.W. Snoke, TJ. Kalakay, J,E. Quick and S. Sinigoi 31


Vertical tectonics and the origins of BSRs along the Peru margin
R- von Huene and LA. Pecher 47


The generation of gas overpressure in volcanic eruptions
H. Massol and C. Jaupart 57


Rheology of bubble-bearing magmas
A,M. Lejcune, Y. Bottinga, T.W, Trull and R Richet 71


The Eastern Mediterranean paleoclimate as a reflection of regional events: Soreq cave, Israel
M. Bar-Matthews, A, Ayalon, A. Kaufman and GJ. Wasserburg 85


_______________________________________

EARTH & PLANETARY SCIENCE LETTERS

_______________________________________

EARTH & PLANETARY SCIENCE LETTERS
VOL. 167, NOS. 1-2, MARCH 1999


Regular Letters
Transfer of sulfur in subduction settings: an example from Batan Island (Luzon volcanic arc, Philippines)
N. Matrich, P. Schiano, R. Clocchiatti and R.C. Maury ....................................... 1

No evidence for strong fields during the R3-N3 Icelandic geomagnetic reversal
A.T. Goguitchaichvili, M. Prevot and P. Camps ........................................... 15

A high electrical conductive zone at lower crustal depth beneath the Betic Chain (Spain)
J. Pous, P. Queralt, J. Ledo and E. Roca ............................................... 35

Evidence for a predominantly non-solar origin of nitrogen in the lunar regolith revealed by single grain analyses
R. Wieler, F. Humbert and B. Marty ................................................. 47

Sr isotope evidence for short magma residence time for the 20th century activity at Stromboli volcano, Italy
L. Francalanci, S. Tommasini, S. Conticelli and G.R. Davies ................................... 61

The origin of organic matter in the Martian meteorite ALH84001
L. Becker, B. Popp, T. Rust and J.L. Bada ............................................. 71

A synthesis of lead isotopes in two millennia of European air
C.E. Dunlap, E. Steinnes and A.R. Flegal .............................................. 81

Long-distance transport of magmas in the Jurassic Ferrar Large Igneous Province, Antarctica
D.H. Elliot, T.H. Fleming, P.R. Kyle and K.A. Foland ....................................... 89

The deglacial history of the western tropical Atlantic as inferred from high resolution stable isotope records off northeastern
Brazil
H.W. Arz, J. Patzold and G. Wefer .................................................. 105

Erratum to "Samples from the Jurassic ocean crust beneath Gran Canaria, La Palma and Lanzarote (Canary Islands)" [Earth
Planet. Sei. Lett. 163 (1998) 343-360]
H.-Ü. Schmincke, A. Klügel, T.H. Hansteen, K. Hoemle, P. van den Bogaard .......................... 119

_______________________________________

EARTH & PLANETARY SCIENCE LETTERS
VOL. 167, NOS. 3 - 4 , 15 APRIL 1999



Regular Letters
Early Miocene anatexis identified in the western symaxis, Pakistan Himalaya
D.A. Schneider, M.A, Bdwards, W-S.R Kidd, RK. Zeitler and CD, Coath 121


Velocity structure, flow instability and mass flux on a large Arctic ice cap from satellite radar mterferometry
J.A. Dowdeswell, B. Unwin, A.-M, Nuttall and DJ. Wingham 131


Dating of eclogite-facies zircons: the age of Alpine metamorphism in the Sesia-Lanzo Zone (Western Alps)
D. Rubatto, D. Gebauer and R. Compagnoni 141


Precise Re-Os ages of organic-rich mudrocks and the 0s isotope composition of Jurassic seawater
A.S, Cohen, A.L. Coe, J.M. Bartlett and Cl Hawkesworth 159


Response of beryllium and radiogenic isotope ratios in Northern Atlantic Deep Water to the onset of northern hemisphere
glaciation
F. von Blanckenburg and R,K, O'Nions . 175


Oceanic (231)Pa / (230)Th ratio influenced by particle composition and remineralization
S, Luo and T-L, Ku 183


Picrite evidence for more Fe in Archean mantle reservoirs
D. Francis, J, Ludden, R. Johnstone and W. Oavis 197


Cosmogenic noble gas studies in the oldest landscape on earth: surface exposure ages of the Dry Valleys, Antarctica
J.M. Schafer, S. Ivy-Ochs, R. Wieler. I. Leya. H. Baur, G.H. Denton and C Schluchter 215


Garnet dissolution and the emplacement of kimberlites
D. Canil and Y, Fedortchouk 227


Air-Xe enrichments in Elk Hills oil field gases: role of water in migration and storage
T. Turgersen and B,M. Kennedy 239


Volumetric changes in weathered profiles: iso-element mass balance method questioned by magnetic fabric
R-E. Mathe, R Rochette, D. Vandamme and F. Colin 255


Paleoliquefaction evidence and periodicity of large prehistoric earthquakes in Shillong Plateau, India
B.S. Sukhija. M.N. Rao, D,V Reddy. R Nagabhushanam. S, Hussain. R.K, Chadha and H,K. Gupta 269


Dissolution behaviour of fine-grained magnetite and maghemite in the citrate-bicarbonate-dithionite extraction method
LH.M, van Oorschot and MJ. Dekkers 283


Hotspot-ridge interaction along the Southeast Indian Ridge near Amsterdam and St Paul islands: helium isotope evidence
D.W. Graham. K.TM. Johnson, L,D, Priebe and J,E, Lupton 297


The size and shape ofKilauea Volcano's summit magma storage reservoir: a geochemical probe
A.J, Pietruszka and M.O. Garcia 311


Geochernical modeling of mixing between magmatic and hydrothermal gases: the case of Vulcano Island, Italy
P.M. Nuccio, A. Paonita and R Sortino 321


Trace element distributions in the chalcopyrite wall of a black smoker chimney: insights from laser ablation inductively coupled
plasma mass spectrometry (LA-ICP-MS)
LB. Butler and R,W. Nesbitt 335


Erratum


Erratum to "Water-rock interactions, orthopyroxene growth, and Si-enrichment in the mantle: evidence in xenoliths from the
Colorado Plateau, southwestern United States" (Earth Planet, Sci- Lett. 165 (1999) 45-54]
D. Smith, J,C. Alexis Riter and S,A, Mertzman . 347

Author Index Volume 167
357

Contents Volume /67 361

_______________________________________

EARTH & PLANETARY SCIENCE LETTERS
VOL. 168, NOS. 1-2 , APRI L 1999

Express Letter
Possible evidence fordissimilatory bacterial magnetite dominating the magnetic properties of recent lake sediments
Z. Gibbs-Eggar, B. Jude, J. Dominik, J.-L. Loizeau and F. Oldfield .................................. 1

Research Letters
Pulsed inflation ofpahoehoe lava flows: implications for flood basalt emplacement
S.W. Anderson, E.R. Stofan, S.E. Smrekar, J.E. Guest and B. Wood ............................... 7

A historical approach to continental flood basalt volcanism: insights into pre-volcanic rifling, sedimentation, and early alkaline
magmatism
H.C. Sheth ............................................................... 19

Primitive magmas and source characteristics of the Hawaiian plume: petrology and geochemistry of shield picrites
M.D. Norman and M.O. Garcia ................................................... 27

Variations in the geochemistry of magmatism on the East Pacific Rise at 10° 30' N since 800 ka
M. Regelous, Y. Niu, J.I. Wendt, R. Batiza, A. Greig and K.D. Collerson ............................. 45

Rhenium-osmium isotopic investigation of Java subduction zone lavas
S. Alves, P. Schiano and C.J. Allegre .......................................................................... 65

Relationships between Lu-Hf and Sm-Nd isotopic systems in the global sedimentary system
J.D. Vervoort, P.J. Patchett, J. Blichert-Toft and F. Albarede... .................................... 79

Variability of Nb / U and Th / La in 3.0 to 2.7 Ga Superior Province ocean plateau basalts: implications for the timing of
continental growth and lithosphere recycling
R. Kerrich, D. Wyman, P. Hollings and A. Polat .......................................... 101

Misleading positions of geomagnetic reversal boundaries in Eurasian loess and implications for correlation between continental
and marine sedimentary sequences
L.P. Zhou and N.J. Shackleton .................................................... 117

A paleomagnetic analysis of Cambrian true polar wander
J.G. Meert ............................................................... 131

Long-T VRM and relative paleointensity estimates in sediments
Y.S. Kok and L. Tauxe ........................................................ 145

Thermal-mechanical effects of low-temperature plasticity (the Peierls mechanism) on the deformation of a viscoelastic shear
zone
M. Kameyama, D.A. Yuen and S.-l. Karato ............................................. 159

Upper mantle tectonics: three-dimensional deformation, olivine crystallographic fabrics and seismic properties
A. Tommasi, B. Tikoffand A. Vauchez ............................................... 173

Crustal structure of the Makarov Basin, Arctic Ocean determined by seismic refraction
M.Yu. Sorokin, Yu.Ya. Zamansky, A.Ye. Langinen, H.R. Jackson and R. Macnab ......................... 187

Experimental constraints on degassing of magma: isothermal bubble growth during continuous decompression from high
pressure
J.E. Gardner, M. Hilton and M.R. Carroll .............................................. 201

_____________________

EARTH & PLANETARY SCIENCE LETTERS
VOL. 168, NOS. 3-4, MAY 1999

Regular Letters
Asian summer monsoon instability during the past 60,000 years: magnetic susceptibility and pedogenic evidence from the
western Chinese Loess Plateau
X.-M. Fang, Y. One, H. Fukusawa, P. Bao-Tian, J.-J. Li, G. Dong-Hong, K. Oi, S. Tsukamoto, M. Toni and T. Mishima .......................................... 219

Link between excursions and paleointensity inferred from abnormal field directions recorded at La Palma around 600 ka
X. Quidelleur, P.-Y. Gillot, J. Cailut and V. Courtillot ................................................................................................................... 233

Foredeep geometries at the front of the Apennines in the Ionian Sea (central Mediterranean)
C. Doglioni, S. Merlini and G. Cantarella ..................................................................................................................................................... 243

Tectonic segmentation of the North Andean margin: impact of the Carnegie Ridge collision
M.-A. Gutscher, J. Malavieille, S. Lallemand and J.-Y. Collet .................................................................................................................. 255

1420 and halogen (F, Cl, Br) behaviour during shallow magma degassing processes
B. Villemant and G. Boudon ...................................................................................................................................................................... 271

Trace element partitioning between phlogopite, clinopyroxene and leucite lamproite melt
K.H. Schmidt, P. Bottazzi, R. Vannucci and K. Mengel ............................................................................................................................ 287

On convection in a volatile-saturated magma
S.S.S. Cardoso and A.W. Woods .................................................................................................................................................................. 301

Author index Volume 168 ................................................................................................................................................................................. 311

Contents Volume 168 ...................................................................................................................................................................................... 315

________________________________________

EARTH & PLANETARY SCIENCE LETTERS
VOL. 170, NO. 3 , JULY 1999

The accretion rate of extraterrestrial (3) He based on oceanic (230) Th flux and the relation to 0s isotope variation over the past
200,000 years in an Indian Ocean core
F. Marcantonio, K.K. Turekian, S. Higgins, R.F. Andersen, M. Stute and P. Schlosser ...................... 157

Using (234U / 238 U ) to assess diffusion rates of isotope tracers in ferromanganese crusts
G.M. Henderson and K.W. Buiton .................................................. 169

The correlation between 18O / 16O ratios of meteoric water and surface temperature: its use in investigating terrestrial climate
change over geologic time
H.C. Fricke and J.R. O'Neil ..................................................... 181

Age of the Deccan traps using (187)Re-(187)Os systematics
C.J. Allegre, J.L. Birck, F. Capmas and V. Courtillot ........................................ 197

Carbon isotopes in Kerguelen plume-derived carbonatites: evidence for recycled inorganic carbon
J.S. Ray, R. Ramesh and K. Pande .................................................. 205

Two-stage melting and the geochemical evolution of the mantle: a recipe for mantle plum-pudding
J. Phipps Morgan and W.J. Morgan ....................................................... 215

Volatile element isotopic systematics of the Rodrigues Triple Junction Indian Ocean MORB: implications for mantle hetero-
geneity
Y. Nishio, T. Ishii, T. Gamo and Y. Sano ........................................................ 241

P_T phase relations of silicic, alkaline, aluminous liquids: new results and applications to mantle melting and metasomatism
D.S. Diaper and T.H. Green ... ........................................... ..................................... 255

The age and distribution of mantle heterogeneity along the Mid-Atlantic Ridge (31-41"N)
L. Dosso, H. Bougault, C. Langmuir, C. Bollinger, 0. Bonnier and J. Etoubleau ......................... 269

(40) Ar/ (39) Ar/ dating on tephra of the Velay maars (France): implications for the Late Pleistocene proxy-climatic record
S. Roger, G. Feraud, J.-L. de Beaulieu, N. Thouveny, C. Coulon, J. Jacques Cocheme, V. Andrieu and T. Williams . .. .. 287

A fifty year perspective of magmatic evolution on Ruapehu Volcano, New Zealand: verification of open system behaviour in an
arc volcano
J.A. Gamble, C.P. Wood, R.C. Price, I.E.M. Smith, R.B. Stewart and T. Waight ......................... 301

Metal emissions from Kilauea, and a suggested revision of the estimated worldwide metal output by quiescent degassing of
volcanoes
T.K. Hinkley, P.J. Lamothe, S.A. Wilson, D.L. Finnegan and T. M. Gerlach ........................... 315

Illitization in a Paleozoic, peat-forming environment as evidence for biogenic potassium accumulation
S. Gill and K. Yemane ..................................................................................................................... 327

Numerical tests on the seismic visibility of metastable minerals in subduction zones
P. Vacher, W. Spakman and M.J.R. Wortel ...................................................................................... 335

_______________________________________

EARTH & PALNETARY SCIENCE LETTERS

VOL. 170, NO. 4, 1999

Regular Letters
Chicxulub impact ejecta from Albion Island, Belize
K.O. Pope, A.C. Ocampo, A.G. Fis-her, W. Alvarez, B.W. Fouke, C.L. Webster, F.J. Vega, J. Smit, A.E. Fritsche and
P. Claeys ................................................................ 351


Geomagnetic paleosecular variation at Hawaii around 3 Ma from a sequence of 107 lava flows at Kaena Point (Oahu)
C. Laj, H. Guillou, N. Szeremeta and R. Coe ............................................ 365


Calibration of magnetic granulometric trends in oceanic basalts
J. Gee and D.V. Kent ......................................................... 377


Precise Th/U-dating of small and heavily coated samples of deep sea corals
M. Lomitschka and A. Mangini ................................................... 391


A record of changing redox conditions in the northern Peru Basin during the Late Quaternary deduced from Mn/Fe and growth
Rate variations in two diagenetic manganese nodules
A. Bollhofer, N. Frank, S. Rohloff, A. Mangini and J.C. Scholten ................................. 403


Glacial-interglacial changes in Subantarctic sea surface temperature and 8^0-water using foraminiferal Mg
T.A. Mashiotta, D.W. Lea and H.J. Spero .............................................. 417


A new approach to the Nd residence time in the ocean: the role of atmospheric inputs
K. Tachikawa, C. Jeandel and M. Roy-Barman ........................................... 433


Precise Re-Os mineral isochron and Pb-Nd-Os isotope systematics of a mafic-ultramafic sill in the 2.0 Ga Onega plateau
(Baltic Shield)
I.S. Puchtel, G.E. Brugmann and A.W. Hotmann .......................................... 447


An empirical test of helium diffusion in apatite: borehole data from the Otway basin, Australia
M.A. House, K.A. Farley and B.P. Kohn .............................................. 463


Mechanisms of slip nucleation during earthquakes
Z. Reches ...............................................................
475


Effects of plate and slab viscosities on the geoid
S. Zhong and G.F. Davies ....................................................... 487


Low-velocity structure beneath Africa from forward modeling
S. Ni, X. Ding, D.V. Heimberger and M. Gurnis .......................................... 497


Author Index Volume 170 ......................................................... 509

ontents Volume 170 ........................................................... 513

_______________________________________

EARTH AND PLANETARY SCIENCE LETTERS

VOL. 169, NOS. 1-2, 30 MAY 1999

CONTENTS

Express Letters

Geomagnetic paleointensity derived from smgle plagiodase crystals
R.D. Cottrell and J.A. Tarduno. .................................................................................................................................................................. 1

Paleomagnetic evidence for block rotations in central Hokkaido-south Sakhalin, Northeast Asia
T. Takeuchi, K. Kodama and T. Ozawa ..................................................................................................................................................... 7

Regular Letters

Relative paleointensity of the geomagnetic Field during Brunhes Chron recorded in North Pacific deep-sea sediment cores:
orbital influence?
T. Yamazaki ............................................................................................................................................................................................... 23

Central anomaly magnetization high: constraints on the volcanic construction and architecture of seismic layer 2A at a
fast-spreading mid-ocean ridge, the EPR at 9"30'-50'N
H. Scheuten, M.A. Tivey, D.J. Fomari and J.R. Cochran .......................................................................................................................... 37

Low-temperature susceptibility and hysteresis of magnetite
A.R. Muxworthy ........................................................................................................................................................................................ 51

Paleomagnetism of Permian through Early Triassic sequences in central Spitsbergen: implications for paleogeography
J. Nawrocki .............................................................................................................................................................................................. 59

Geochronology and palaeomagnetism of the Hunnedalen dykes, S W Norway: implications for the Sveconorwegian apparent
polar wander loop
H.J. Walderhaug, T.H. Torsvik, E.A. Eide, B. Sundvoll and B. Bingen .................................................................................................. 71

Magnetic properties of a recent parabrown-earth from Southern Germany
M. Hanesch and N. Petersen ..................................................................................................................................................................... 85

Fluid flow through carbonate platforms: constraints from234U/238Uand Cl- in Bahamas pore-waters
G.M. Henderson, N.C. Slowey and G.A. Haddad .................................................................................................................................... 99

Lateral mixing and advection of reactive isotope tracers in ocean basins: observations and mechanisms
F. von Blanckenburg and H. Igel ............................................................................................................................................................. 113

Exploring the kappa conundrum: the role of recycling in the lead isotope evolution of the mantle
T. Elliott, A. Zindler and B. Bourdon ..................................................................................................................................................... 129

Wetting of mantle olivine by sulfide melt: implications for Re/us ratios in mantle peridotite and late-stage core formation
G.A. Gaetani and T.L. Grove ................................................................................................................................................................. 147

Oxygen isotope evidence regarding the formation of spinel-bearing chondrules
S. Maruyama, H. Yurimoto and S. Sueno ................................................................................................................................................ 165

On the preservation of mantle information in ultramafic nodules: glass inclusions within minerals versus interstitial glasses
P. Schiano and B. Bourdon ..................................................................................................................................................................... 173

Helium and lead isotope geochemistry of the Azores Archipelago
M. Moreira, R. Doucelance, M. D. Kurz, B. Dupre and C. Jean Allegre ............................................................................................... 189

Erratum

Erratum to Seasonal variations of heavy metals in 1960s Alpine ice: sources versus meteorological factors'' [Earth Planet.
Sci .Lett. 164 (1998) 521-533]
K. Van de Velde,C. Boutron, C. Ferrari, T. Bellomi, C. Barbante,S. Rudnev and M. Boishov..................................................................207

________________________________________

EARTH AND PLANTERY SCIENCE LETTERS

VOL. 170, NOS. 1-2 30 JUNE 1999

CONTENTS

Regular Letters

Gas hydrate destabilization: enhanced dewatering, benthic material turnover and large methane plumes at the Cascadia
convergent margin
E. Suess, M.E. Torres, G. Bohrmann, R.W. Collier, J. Greinert, P. Linke, G. Rehder, A. Trehu, K. Wallmann, G. Winckler
and E. Zuleger .................................................................................................................................................................................................. 1

Paleointensity across the Reunion event in Ethiopia
J. Carlut, J.-P. Valet, X. Quidelleur, V. Courtillot, T. Kidane, Y. Gallet and P.-Y. Gillot ..................... ......................................................... 17

A new approach for palaeoaltitude estimates based on pollen records: example of the Mercantour Massif (southeastern France)
at the earliest Pliocene
S. Fauquette, G. Clauzon, J.-P. Sue and Z. Zheng ............................................................................................................................................ 35

Mineral-magnetic record of Late Quaternary climatic changes in a high Alpine lake
L. Lanci, A.M. Hirt, W. Lowrie, A.F. Lotter, G. Lemcke and M. Sturm ........................................................................................................... 49

Sources of strontium and calcium in desert soil and calcrete
R.C. Capoand O.A. Chadwick ......................................................................................................................................................................... 61

Ultradeep xenoliths from African kimberlites: Sr and Nd isotopic compositions suggest complex history
J.D. Macdougall and S.E. Haggerty ................................................................................................................................................................. 73

Osmium and lead isotopes of rare OslrRu minerals: derivation from the core-mantle boundary region?
J.M. Bird, A. Meiborn, R. Frei and Th.F. Nagler ............................................................................................................................................ 83

The (36)CI-(36)Ar-(40)K-(41)K records and cosmic ray production rates in iron meteorites
B. Lavielle, K. Marti, J.-P. Jeannot, K. Nishiizurni and M. Caffee ................................................................................................................ 93

Are the Pacific and Indo-Atlantic hotspots fixed? Testing the plate circuit through Antarctica
V. DiVenere and D.V. Kent ........................................................................................................................................................................... 105

Remarkable tilt-strain anomalies preceding two seismic events in Friuli (NE Italy): their interpretation as precursors
G. Dal Moro and M. Zadro ........................................................................................................................................................................... 119

Diffusion closure temperature and age of a mineral with arbitrary extent of diffusion: theoretical formulation and applications
J. Ganguly and M. Tirone .............................................................................................................................................................................. 131

Direct measurement of Ar diffusion profiles in a gem-quality Madagascar K-feldspar using the ultra-violet laser ablation
microprobe (UVLAMP)
J.-A. Wartho, S.P. Kelley, R.A. Brooker, M.R. Carroll, I.M. Villa and M.R. Lee......................................................................................... 141

Erratum

Erratum to 'Tectonic segmentation of the North Andean margin: impact of the Carnegie Ridge collision" [Earth Planet. Sei.
Lett. 168(1999)255-270]
M.-A. Gutscher, J. Malavielle, S. Lallemand and J.-Y. Collot ..................................................................................................................... 155


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EARTH & PLANETATY SCIENCE LETTERS

VOL. 171, NO. 1, AUGUST 1999

express Letter
Pyrite and phosphate in anoxia and an origin-of-life hypothesis
J. Bebie and M.A.A. Schoonen .................................................... 1


Regular Letters
Tethyan subducted slabs under India
R. Van der Voo, W. Spakman and H. Bijwaard ........................................... 7

The density structure associated with oceanic crustal rifting at the Hess Deep: a seafloor and sea-surface gravity study
V. Ballu, J.A. Hildebrand and E.L. Canuteson ............................................ 21

The cosmochemical behavior of mercury
D.S. Lauretta, B. Devouard and P.R. Buseck ............................................ 35

The origin of abyssal peridotites: a reinterpretation of constraints based on primary bulk compositions
M.B. Baker and J.R. Beckett ..................................................... 49

Fractionation of trace elements by subduction-zone metamorphism — effect of convergent-margin thermal evolution
G.E. Bebout, J.G. Ryan, W.P. Leeman and A.E. Bebout ...................................... 63

Origin of trace gases in submarine hydrothermal vents of the Kolbeinsey Ridge, north Iceland
R. Botz, G. Winckler, R. Bayer, M. Schmitt, M. Schmidt, D. Garbe-Schonberg, P. Stoffers and J.K. Kristjansson ....... 83

Oxygen isotope studies of illite/smectite and clinoptilolite from Yucca Mountain: implications for paleohydrologic conditions
X. Feng, A.M. Faiia, G. WoldeGabriel, J.L. Aronson, M.A. Poage and C.P. Chamberlain .................... 95

An early unroofing in northeastern Tibet? Constraints from 40Ar/39Ar thermochronology on granitoids from the eastern Kunlun
range (Qianghai, NW China)
C. Mock, N.O. Arnaud and J.-M. Cantagrel ............................................. 107

High resolution palynological record off the Iberian margin: direct land—sea correlation for the Last Interglacial complex
M.F. Sanchez Goni, F. Eynaud, J.L. Turon and N.J. Shackleton .................................. 123

Paleosecular variation during sequential geomagnetic reversals from Hawaii
E. Herrero-Bervera and J.-P. Valet .................................................. 139

Actual timing of neodymium isotopic variations recorded by Fe-Mn crusts in the western North Atlantic
K.W. Burton, D.-C. Lee, J.N. Christensen, A.N. Halliday and J.R. Hein ............................. 149

The alkali element and boron geochemistry of the Escanaba Trough sediment-hosted hydrothermal system
R.H. James, M.D. Rudnicki and M.R. Palmer ............................................ 157

Partial molar volumes of NiO and CoO liquids: implications for the pressure dependence of metal-silicate partitioning
P. Courtial, J. Gottsmann, A. Hoizheid and D.B. Dingwell ..................................... 171

Osmium isotope variations in the oceans recorded by Fe-Mn crusts
K.W. Burton, B. Bourdon, J.-L. Birck, C.J. Allegre and J.R. Hein ................................. 185


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EARTH & PLANETARY SCIENCE LETTERS
VOL. 171, NO. 3 , SEPTEMBER 1999


Express Letters

A solution to anomalous fading and age shortfalls in optical dating of feldspar minerals
M. Lamothe and M, Audair 319


Dependence of the decay rate of (7)Be on chemical forms
C-A. Huh. 325


Space-geodetic estimation of the Nazea-South America Eulei vector
D. Angermann. J. Klotz and C. Reigbcr 329


The "lost Inca Plateau": cause of flat subduction beneath Peru?
M,-A. Gutscher, J.-L, Olivet, D. Aslanian, J.-P. Eissen and R, Maury 335

Regular letters
Helium, heat, and the generation of hydrothermal event plumes at mid-ocean ridges
J.B. Lupton, H/T. Baker and GJ. Massoth 343


Thermal constraints on the survival of primitive blobs in the lower mantle
TW, Becker, J,B. Kellogg and R,J. O'Connell 351


On the rebtion-ship between subducted slab age and arc basalt petrogenesis, Cascadia subduction system. North America
N,L, Green and D,L. Harry 367



Effect of water on metal-silicale paititioning of siderophile elements: a high pressure and temperature terrestrial magma ocean
and core formation
K, Righter and MJ. Drake 383


Effects of a realistic mantle thermal conductivity on the patterns of 3D convection
R Dubuffet, D,A. Yuen and M. Rabinowicz 401



Ultramafic exposures and the gravity signature of the lithosphere near the Fifteen-Twenty Fracture Zone (Mid'Atlantic Ridge,
14(degree)16.5(degree)N)
J. Escanm and M, Cannat 411


Rapid exhumation of the Zeimatt-Saas ophiolite deduced from high-precision Sm-Nd and Rb-Sr geochronology
J.M. Amato. CM, Johnson. L.R Baumgartncr and B,L, Beard 425
Hf isotope compositions of komatiites


J, Blichert-Toft and N.T. Arndt 439
(87)Sr/(86)Sr vaiiation in north Pacific sediments: a record of the Milankovitch cycle in the past 3 million years

Y. Asahara 453
Chemical (He, H(2) CH(4) Ne, Ar, Nz) and isotopic (Me, Ne, Ar, C) variations at the Solfatara crater (southern Italy): mixing of

different sources in relation to .seismic activity
D. Tedcsco and P. Scarsi 465
Incoherent inelastic neutron scattering measurements on Dome-Fuji Antaictic ice

H. Fukazawa, S, Mac, S. Ikeda and 0. Watanabe 481
Rapid climatic variations during maiinc isotopic stage 3: magnetic analysis of sediments from Nordic Seas and North Atlantic


C. Kissel, C. Laj, L Labeyric, T Dokken, A. Voelker and D, Blamart 489
Interannual variability of hail-days in the Andes region since 1885

R, Prieto, L. Gimeno, R< Garcm, R. HeiTera, E, Heinandez and R Ribera 503

Discussion

Comment on "Block rotations and continental extension in the central Aegean Sea: palaeoinagnetic and structural evidence from
Tinos and Mykonos (Cyclades, Greece)" by D, Avigad et al.
A. Morns and M.W. Andersen 511


Reply to comment on "Block rotations and continental extension in the central Aegean Sea: palacomagnetic and structural
evidence from Tinos and Mykonos (Cycbdes, Greece)" by D, Avigad et aL
D. Avigad, G, Baer and A, Heimann 513

Erratum
Erratum lo "Earthquake-related elemental and isotopic lead anomaly in springwater [Earth Planet, ScL Lett. 169(1999) 269-276]
F,Poitrasson,S.HjorthDundas.J.-RToutain,M.Muno7andA.Rigo515

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