WATER SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY

VOL: 39, NO: 2, 1999

CONTENTS

Preface vii

M. C. GROMAIRE-MERTZ, S. GARNAUD, A. GONZALEZ and G. CHEBBO: Characterisation
of urban runoff pollution in Paris i

G. VAES and J. BERLAMONT: Emission predictions with a multi-linear reservoir model 9

M. ZUG, L. PHAN, D. BELLEFLEUR and 0. SCRIVENER: Pollution wash-off modelling on
impervious surfaces: calibration, validation, transposition 17

C. PIEL, 1. PEREZ and T. MAYTRAUD: Three examples of temporary stormwater catchments in

dense urban areas: a sustainable development approach 25

P. SCOTT, R. SANTOS and J. R. ARGUE: Performance, environmental and cost comparison of
onsite detention (OSD) and onsite retention (OSR) in re-developed residential catchments 33

R. KOWALSKI, J. REUBER and J. K6NGETER: Investigations into and optimisation of the
performance of sewage detention tanks during storm rainfall events 43

D. J. BALMFORTH, J. R. BLANKSBY, C. BROWN and C. ROGERSON: Development and
testing of a new design procedure for the control of aesthetic pollutants at combined sewer
overflows 53

G. LUYCKX, G. VAES and J. BERLAMONT: Experimental investigation on the efficiency of a
high side weir overflow 61

J. CIGANA, M. COUTURE, C. MEUNIER and Y. COMEAU: Determination of the vertical
velocity distribution of floatables in CSOs 69

W. DE COCK, P. BLOM, G. VAES and J. BERLAMONT: The feasibility of flocculation in a
storage sedimentation basin 75

D. 1. PHILLIPS: A new litter trap for urban drainage systems 85
A. DALIGAULT, D. MEAUDRE, D. ARNAULT, V. DUG, N. BARDIN, N. AIRES, D. BIAU,
J. SCHMID, P. CLEMENT and J.-Y. VIAU: Stormwater and lamella settlers: efficiency and
reality 93

C. J. PRATT, A. P. NEWMAN and P. C. BOND: Mineral oil bio-degradation within a permeable
pavement: long term observations 103

M. LEGRET and V. COLANDINI: Effects of a porous pavement with reservoir structure on runoff
water: water quality and fate of heavy metals 111
vi Contents

M. LEGRET, M. NICOLLET, P. MILODA, V. COLANDINI and G. RAIMBAULT: Simulation of
heavy metal pollution from stormwater infiltration through a porous pavement with reservoir
structure 119

B. G. KRISHNAPPAN, J. MARSALEK, W. E. WATT and B. C. ANDERSON: Seasonal size
distributions of suspended solids in a stormwater management pond 127

CH. JACOPIN, J. L. BERTRAND-KRAJEWSKI and M. DESBORDES: Characterisation and
settling of solids in an open, grassed, stormwater sewer network detention basin 135

T. DORMOY, B. TISSERAND and L. HERREMANS: Impact of the volume of rain water on the
operating constraints for a treatment plant 145

A. WELKER, U. LEINWEBER, K. KLEPISZEWSKI and T. G. SCHMITT: Effects of integrated
stormwaler management strategies on the combined sewer system and the wastewater treatment
plant-river system 151

J. MILINA, S. S^GROV, J. LEI, A. KONIG. 0. NILSSEN, A. ELLINGSSON, J. ALEX and
W. SCHILLING: Improved interception of combined sewage in the Trondheim-H0vringen
wastewater system 159

S. T. THOROLFSSON: New strategies in stormwater-meltwater management in the city of
Bergen, Norway 169

J. R. ARGUE and D. PEZZANITI: Catchment "greening" using stormwater in Adelaide, South
Australia 177

S. BARRAUD, A. GAUTIER, J. P. BARDIN and V. RIOU: The impact of intentional stormwater
infiltration on soil and groundwater 185

J. J. SANSALONE: In-situ performance of a passive treatment system for metal source control 193
C. DIERKES and W. F. GEIGER: Pollution retention capabilities of roadside soils 201

C. HEBRARD and C. DELOLME: Role of the biotic compartment in the transfer of zinc through
the vadose zone - application to an infiltration system 209
»

E. WARNAARS, A. J. LARSEN, P. JACOBSEN and P. S. MIKKELSEN: Hydrologic behaviour
of stormwater infiltration trenches in a central urban area during 2^/4 years of operation 217

E. ALFAKIH, S. BARRAUD and 1. MARTINELLI: A study of stormwater infiltration system
feasibility and design 225

Errata

Errata 233
Keyword index 251

WATER SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY
VOL. 39, NO. 6, 1999


CONTENTS

Invited Keynote Paper
G. A. EKAMA and M. C. WENTZEL: Difficulties and developments in biological nutrient removal
technology and modelling l



Selected Papers
P. L. BOND, J. KELLER and L. L. BLACKALL: Bio-P and non-bio-P bacteria identification by a
novel microbial approach 13


A. CARUCCI, K. LINDREA, M. MAJONE and R. RAMADORI: Different mechanisrns for the
anaerobic storage of organic Substrates and their effect on enhanced biological phosphate removal
(EBPR) 21


l. M. SUDIANA, T. MINO, H. SATOH, K. NAKAMURA and T. MATSUO: Metabolism of
enhanced biological phosphorus removal and non-enhanced biological phosphorus removal sludge
with acetate and glucose äs carbon source 29


D. BRDJANOVIC, M. C. M. VAN LOOSDRECHT, C. M. HOOIJMANS, T. MINO,
G. J. ALAERTS and J. J. HEIJNEN: Innovative methods for sludge characterization in biological
phosphorus removal Systems 37


P. BURRELL, J. KELLER and L. L. BLACKALL; Characterisation of the bacterial consortium
involved in nitrite oxidation in activated sludge 45


O. NOWAK, V. KÜHN and V. MÜLLER: A comparison of different concepts of the running-in of
nitrification and denitrification in activated sludge plants 53


K. POCHANA and J. KELLER: Study of factors affecting simultaneous nitrification and
denitrification (SND) 61


G. A. EKAMA and M. C. WENTZEL: Denitrification kinefics in biological N and P removal
activated sludge Systems treating municipal wastewaters 69


T. T. LEE, F. Y. WANG and R. B. NEWELL: On the modelling and Simulation ofa BNR activated
sludge process based on distributed parameter approach 79


J. R. MESSENGER, J. C. SMITH, M. J. TETREAULT, C. VITASOVIC, S. ZHOU, P. SCOTT and
M. KOZICKI: The use of dynarnic BNR and two-dimensional clarifier modelling to investigate
nitrogen removal at Eastern Treatment Plant, Melbourne, Australia 89


K. A. ISLAM, B. NEWELL and P. LANT: Advanced process control for biological nutrient removal 97


E. v. MUNCH and F. A. KOCH: A survey of prefermenter design, Operation and performance in
Australia and Canada 105
G. M. STEVENS, J. L. BARNARD and B. RABINOWITZ: Optimizing biological nutrient removal
m anoxic zones

_________________________________________

WATER SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY
VOL:39, NO:1, 1999

Preface
Biomass and Modelling

P. H. NIELSEN, K. ANDREASEN, N. LEE and M. WAGNER: Use of microautoradiography and
fluorescent in situ hybridization for characterization of microbial activity in activated sludge l

D. B. OERTHER, F. L. DE LOS REYES and L. RASKIN: Interfacing phylogenetic oligonucleotide
probe hybridizations with representations of microbial populations and specific growth rates in
mathematical modeis of activated sludge processes 11

M. C. TOMEI, C. LEVANTESI, S. ROSSETTI and V. TANDOI: Microbiological characterisation
of pure cultures and its relevance to modelling and control of bulking phenomena 21

J. MEINHOLD, C. D. M. FILIPE, G. T. DAIGGER and S. ISAACS; Characterization of the
denitrifying fraction of phosphate accumulating organisrns in biological phosphate removal 31

l. PURTSCHERT and W. GUJER: Population dynamics by methanoi addition in denitrifying
wastewater treatment plants 43

B. E. RITTMANN, C. S. LASPIDOU, J. FLAX, D. A. STAHL, V. URBAIN, H. HARDUIN,
J. J. VAN DER WAARDE. B. GEURKINK, M. J. C. HENSSEN, H. BROUWER,
A. KLAPWIJK and M. WETTERAUW: Molecular and modeling analyses of the structure and
function of nitrifying activated sludge 51

Storage and Hydrolysis

M. MAJONE, K. DIRCKS and J. J. BEUN: Aerobic storage under dynarnic conditions in activated
sludge processes. The state of the art 61

A. CARUCCI, M. KÜHNI, R. BRUN, G. CARUCCI, G. KOCH, M. MAJONE and H. SIEGRIST:
Microbial competition for the organic Substrates and its impact on on EBPR Systems under
conditions of changing carbon feed 75

D. ORHON, E. UBAY COKGÖR and S. SÖZEN: Experimental basis for the hydrolysis of slowly
biodegradable Substrate in different wastewaters 87

R. GOEL, T. MINO, H. SATOH and T. MATSUO: Modeling hydrolysis processes considering
intracellular storage 97

Decay and Maintenance

M. C. M. VAN LOOSDRECHT and M. HENZE: Maintenance, endogeneous respiration, lysis,
decay and predation 107

0. NOWAK, K. SVARDAL, A. FRANZ and V. KÜHN: Degradation of particulate organic matter
- a comparison of different model concepts 119

H. SIEGRIST, l. BRUNNER, G. KOCH, LINH CON PHAN and VAN CHIEU LE: Reduction of
biomass decay rate under anoxic and anaerobic conditions 129

M. SP^RANDIO, V. URBAIN, J. M. AUDIC and E. PAUL: Use of carbon dioxide evolution rate
for determining heterotrophic yield and characterising denitrifying biomass 139

Bio-P and Chemical Preeipitation

M. MAURER and M. BÖLLER: Modelling of phosphorus precipitation in wastewater treatment
plants with enhanced biological phosphorus removal 147

Modelling

M. HENZE, W. GUJER, T. MINO, T. MATSUO, M. C. WENTZEL, G. v. R. MARAIS and
M. C. M. VAN LOOSDRECHT: Activated Sludge Model No. 2d, ASM2d 165

W. GUJER, M. HENZE, T. MINO and M. VAN LOOSDRECHT: Activated Sludge Model No. 3 183

P. A. VANROLLEGHEM, H. SPANJERS, B. PETERSEN, P. GINESTET and l. TAKACS:
Estimating (combinations of) Activated Sludge Model No. l parameters and components by
respirometry 195

D. BAETENS, P. A. VANROLLEGHEM. M. C. M. VAN LOOSDRECHT and L. H. HOSTEN:
Temperature effects in bio-P removal 215

H. ZHAO, 0. J. HAO and T. J. McAVOY: Approaches to modeling nutrient dynamics: ASM2,
simplified model and neural nets 227

K. POCHANA, J. KELLER and P. LANT: Model development for simultaneous nitrification and
denitrification 235

H. MELCER: Füll scale experience with biological process modeis - calibration issues 245
Keyword index 253
__________________________________________________________________________
WATER SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY
VOL:39, NO:5, 1999

Preface ix
Congress Summary xi
Plenary Sessions

P. HARREMOES: Water äs a transport medium for waste out oftowns l

T. HEDBERG: Attitudes to traditional and alternative sustainable sanitary Systems . 9

J. B. BRADEN and E. C. VAN IERLAND: Balancing: the economic approach to sustainable water 17
management

Sustainable Water Use in Housebolds

A. DIXON, D. BUTLER and A. FEWKES:. Water saving potential ofdomestic water reuse Systems 25
using greywater and rainwater in combination

J. P. VAN DER HOEK, B. J. DIJKMAN, G. J. TERPSTRA, M. J. UITZINGER and 33
M. R. B. VAN DILLEN: Selection and evaluation of a new concept of water supply for "ljburg"
Amsterdam

M. A. J. E. VAN DER WUST and J. P. GROOT-MARCUS: Consumption and domestic waste water 41
demographic factors and developments in society

P. S. MIKKELSEN, 0. F. ADELER, H.-J. ALBRECHTSEN and M. HENZE: Collected rainfall äs a 49
water source in Danish households - what is the potential and what are the costs?

G. VAES and J. BERLAMONT: The impact of rainwater reuse on CSO emissions 57

P. M. J. TERPSTRA: Sustainable water usage Systems: modeis for the sustainable utilization of 65
domestic water in urban areas

Sustainable Water Use in (Agro)industry and Agriculture

P. J. ROELEVELD and W. MAASKANT: A feasibility study on ultrafiltration ofindustrial effluents 73

C. TERRAS, P. VANDEVIVERE and W. VERSTRAETE: Optimal treatment and rational reuse of 81
water in textile industry

P. G. HIEN, L. T. K. OANH, N. T. VIET and G. LETTINGA: Closed wastewater system in the 89
tapioca industry in Vietnam

F. A. EL-GOHARY and F. A. NASR: Cost-effective pre-treatment of wastewater 97

E. A. VAN OS: Closed soilless growing Systems: a sustainable solution for Dutch greenhouse 105
horticulture

H. C. WILLERS, X. N. KARAMANLIS and D. D. SCHULTE: Potential of closed water Systems on 113
dairy farms

A. ROZZI, F. MALPEI, L. BONOMO and R. BIANCHI: Textile wastewater reuse in northem Italy 121
(Como)

Water Supply at the Site

J. H. J. M. VAN DER GRAAF, J. F. KRÄMER, J. PLUIM, J. DE KONING and M. WEIJS: 129
Experiments on membrane Filtration ofeffluent at wastewater treatment plants in the Netheriands

Small-scale On-site Collection of Wastewater and Runoff
J. FÖRSTER: Variability ofroof runoff quality 137

C. J. PRATT: Use of permeable, reservoir pavement constructions for stormwater treatment and 145
storage for re-use

Small-scale Localized Treatment and Reuse ofWaste and Wastewater (at or near the site)

R. OTTERPOHL, A. ALBOLD and M. OLDENBURG: Source control in urban sanitation and waste 153
management: ten Systems with reuse ofresources

0. J. SKJELHAUGEN: Closed System for local reuse ofblackwater and food waste, integrated with 161
agriculture

W. M. WIEGANT, T. J. J. KALKER, V. N. SONTAKKE and R. R. ZWAAG: Füll scale experience 169
with tannery water management: an integrated approach

T. A. ELMITWALLI, M. H. ZANDVOORT, G. ZEEMAN, H. BRUNING and G. LETTINGA: Low 177
temperature treatment of domestic sewage in upflow anaerobic sludge blanket and anaerobic hybrid
reactors

G. ZEEMAN and G. LETTINGA: The role of anaerobic digestion of domestic sewage in closing the 187
water and nutrient cycle at community level

J. C. L. VAN BUUREN, A. ABUSAM, G. ZEEMAN and G. LETTINGA: Primary effluent filtration 195
in small-scale installations

S. REBAC, J. B. VAN LIER, P. LENS, A. J. M. STAMS, F. DEKKERS, K. Th. M. SWINKELS and 203
G. LETTINGA: Psychrophilic anaerobic treatment oflow strength wastewaters

Kconomic and Social Factors

J. ICKE, R. M. VAN DEN BOOMEN and R. H. AALDERINK: A cost-sustainability analysis of 211
urban water management

T. J. J. KALKER, J. A. W. MAAS and R. R. ZWAAG: Transfer and acceptance of UASB 219
technology for domestic wastewater: two case studies

Y. X. TAO and P. HILLS: Assessment of alternative wastewater treatment approaches in Guangzhou, 227
China

Integrated Assessment

M. LUNDIN, S. MOLANDER and G. M. MORRISON: A set of indicators for the assessment of 235
temporal variations in the sustainability ofsanitary Systems

A. R. MELS, A. F. VAN NIEUWENHUIJZEN, J. H. J. M. VAN DER GRAAF, B. KLAPWIJK, 243
J. DE KONING and W. H. RULKENS: Sustainability criteria äs a tool in the development ofnew
sewage treatment methods

R. M. ASHLEY, N. SOUTER, D. BUTLER, J. DAVIES, J. DUNKERLEY and S. HENDRY: 251
Assessment ofthe sustainability of alternatives for the disposal ofdomestic sanitary waste

Keyword index 259
___________________________________________________

WATER SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY
VOL:39, NO:8, 1999

Preface vii
Environmental Monitoring and Identification of Pollution Sources

R. K. KALCHEV and l. S. BOTEV: Long-term eutrophication development in five coastal lakes of
the Bulgarian Black Sea region l

G. A. MIRINCHEV, Tz. V. TZANKOV, l. S. KOSTOVA and M. G. MIRINCHEVA: Impact of
Bulgarian rivers on heavy metal pollution ofthe Black Sea 9

A. SAMSUNLU and L. AKCA: Coastal pollution and mitigation measures in Turkey 13

A. STREZOV, T. STOILOVA, A. JORDANOVA, M. AYRANOV and N. PETKOV: Determination
of caesium and natural radionuclide concentrations in Sediments, algae and water on the Bulgarian
Black Sea coast 21

V. VELIKOVA, S. MONCHEVA and D. PETROVA: Phytoplankton dynamics and red tides
(1987-1997) in the Bulgarian Black Sea 27

G. SHTEREVA, S. MONCHEVA, V. DONCHEVA, 0. CHRISTOVA and l. SHTEREV: Changes
in chemical parameters in the Bulgarian Black Sea coastal area äs an indication of the ecological state
of the environment 37

S. NAKAI, Y. INOUE, M. HOSOMI and A. MURAKAMI: Growth inhibition ofblue-green algae
by allelopathic effects of macrophytes 47

Modelling of tbe Processes of Pollution Diffusion in Sea Waters

A. l. STAMOU, B. KOUMANOVA, S. STOYANOV, G. ATANASOV and K. PIPILIS: Water
quality ofthe Beli Lom river 55

C. NOUTSOPOULOS, E. GAVALAKI and A. ANDREADAKIS: Evaluation ofthe impact from the
discharge of treated sewage on the south-east Saronicos Gulf through mathematical water quality
modelling 63

Wastewater Treatment Technologies in Coastal Areas

l. SEKOULOV and S. BRINKE-SEIFERTH: Application ofbiofiltration in the crude oil processing
industry 71

S. BRINKE-SEIFERTH, J. BEHRENDT and l. SEKOULOV: The biofilm filter sequencing batch
reactor (BFSBR) 77

J. NAKAJIMA, Y. FUJIMURA and Y. INAMORI: Performance evaluation of on-site treatment
facilities for wastewater from households, hoteis and restaurants 85
C.-Y. CHENG and l. RIBAROVA: Activated sludge System modelling and simulations for
improving the effluent water quality 93

A. TIEHM, V. HERWIG and U. NEIS: Partide size analysis for improved Sedimentation and
filtration in waste water treatment 99

H. NAGAOKA: Nitrogen removal by submerged membrane Separation activated sludge process 107

R. ARSOV, l. RIBAROVA, N. NIKOLOV, G. MIHAILOV, Y. TOPALOVA and E. KHOUDARY:
Two-phase anaerobic technology for domestic wastewater treatment at ambient temperature 115

G. DIMOVA, G. MIHAILOV and Tz. TZANKOV: Combined filter for ammonia removal - Part l:
minimal zeolite contact time and requirements for desorption 123

' H. GULYAS, U. HELDT and l. SEKOULOV: The sorption capacity of long-time-aerated activated
sludge demonstrated with 2,6-dimethylphenol 131

R. Y. STEFANOVA: Kinetics of removal of zinc ions from aqueous solutions by a modified
acrylnitrilecopolymer 139

Water Supply and Sewerage in Coastal Areas - Technological, Sanitary, Hygienic and
Disinfection Äspects

B. B. BAYKAL, A. TANIK and E. GONENC: A relatively less polluted drinking water reservoir of
metropolitan Istanbul near the Black Sea coast 147

S. ZLATAROVA, D. SLAVTCHEVA and B. GEORGIEVA: Ecological research on the Tzonevo
Dam äs a possible alternative source for the water supply of Vama city 155

C. ALVAREZ, J. A. JUANES, J. A. REVILLA, K. KOEV, A. ROLDAN and V. IVANOV:
Environmental study ofthe alternatives for the sewer system ofa small coastal community in the Bay
ofBiscay 161

Black Sea Basin Management

l. OZTURK, E. YUKSEL and A. TANIK: Wastewater management strategies for the Black Sea
coast of Turkey 169

D. ORHON, S. SÖZEN, E. GÖRGÜN, E. U.COKGÖR and N. ARTAN: Technological äspects of
wastewater management in coastal tourist areas 177

H. KROISS: Water protection strategies - critical discussion in regard to the Danube river basin 185

H. Z. SARIKAYA, M. F. SEVIMLI and E. CITIL: Region-wide assessment of the land-based
sources of pollution of the Black Sea 193

L. Z. PEHLIVANOV: State of the ichthyofauna in Ropotamo Reserve Complex: ecological,
conservation and economic äspects 201

A. JORDANOVA, A. STREZOV, M. AYRANOV, N. PETKOV and T. STOILOVA: Heavy metal
assessment in algae, Sediments and water from the Bulgarian Black Sea coast 207

Keyword index 213
________________________________________________________________________
WATER SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY
VOL:39, NO:9, 1999

P. HARREMOES and H. MADSEN: Fiction and reality in the modelling worid - balance between
simplicity and complexity, calibration and identifiability, verification and falsification l

R. M. ASHLEY, T. HVITVED-JACOBSEN and J.-L. BERTRAND-KRAJEWSKI: Quo vadis sewer
process modelling 9

P. WILLEMS: Stochastic generation of spatial rainfall for urban drainage areas 23

M. ZUG, D. BELLEFLEUR, L. PHAN and 0. SCRIVENER: HORUS: a conceptual model of
pollution simulation in sewer networks . 31

F. SCHLÜTTER: A conceptual model for sediment transport in combined sewer Systems 39

P. WILLEMS and J. BERLAMONT: Probabilistic modelling of sewer system overflow emissions 47

P. KREBS, P. HÖLZER, J. L. HUISMAN and W. RAUCH: First flush of dissolved compounds 55

M. C. ALMEIDA, D. BUTLER and J. W. DAVIES: Modelling in-sewer changes in wastewater
quality under aerobic conditions 63

H.-J. RUSS: Reliability of sewer flow quality modeis - results of a North Rhine-Westphalian
comparison 73

R. FANKHAUSER: Automatic determination of imperviousness in urban areas from digital
orthophotos 81

Y. ZECH and A. ESCARMELLE: Use of high-resolution geographical databases for rainfall-runoff
relation in urbanised areas 87

S. DJORDJEVC, D. PRODANOVIC and C. MAKSIMOVIC: An approach to Simulation of dual
drainage 95

B. TRAJKOVIC, M. IVETIC, F. CALOMINO and A. D'IPPOLITO: Investigation of transition from
free surface to pressurized flow in a circular pipe 105

H. CAPART, C. BOGAERTS, J. KEVERS-LECLERCQ and Y. ZECH: Robust numerical treatment
of flow transitions at drainage pipe boundaries 113

R. DE SUTTER, M. HUYGENS and R. VERHOEVEN: Unsteady flow sediment transport in a sewer
model 121

A. DELETIC: Sediment behaviour in grass filter Strips 129

K. TODA and K. INOUE: Hydraulic design of intake structures of deeply located Underground
tunnel Systems 137

J. SARTOR: Simulating the influence of backwater effects in sewer Systems using hydrological
model components 145

F. SCHMITT, V. MILISIC, J.-L. BERTRAND-KRAJEWSKI, D. LAPLACE and G. CHEBBO:
numerical modelling of bed load sediment traps in sewer Systems by density currents 153

V. R. STOVIN, A. J. SAUL, A. DRINKWATER and l. CLIFFORDE: Field testing CFD-based
predictions of storage chamber gross solids Separation efficiency 161

J. N. TYACK and R. A. FENNER: Computational fluid dynamics modelling of velocity profiles
within a hydrodynarnic separater 169

G. LUYCKX, G. VAES and J. BERLAMONT: Comparison between the separating efficiency of an
improved high-side weir overflow and a hydrodynarnic Stonn KingTM separater 177

C. GERARD and B. CHOCAT: Prediction of Sediment build-up from analysis of physical network
data 185

R. A. FENNER and L. SWEETING: A decision support model for the rehabilitation of "non-critical"
sewers 193

A. CASSAR and H.-R. VERWORN: Modifications of rainfall ninoff and decision finding modeis for
on-line Simulation in real time control 201

M. SCHÜTZE, D. BUTLER and M. B. BECK: Optimisation of control strategies for the urban
wastewater system - an integrated approach 209

S. YAGI and S. SHIBA: Application of genetic algorithms and fuzzy control to a combined sewer
pumping Station 217

A. L. L. REDA and M. B. BECK: Simulation model for real-time decision support in controlling the
impacts of storm sewage discharges 225

A. PETRUCK, D. JÄGER and F. SPERLING: Dynarnic Simulation of the effects of combined
sewage overflow on small urban streams 235

C. MAKROPOULOS, D. BUTLER and C. MAKSIMOVIC: GIS supported evaluation of source
control applicability in urban areas 243

E. RISTENPART: Planning of stormwater management with a new model for drainage best
management practices 253

A. A. SMITH: Integrating Simulation and design for stormwater management 261

R. MEHLER and M. W. OSTROWSKI: Comparison of the efFiciency of best stormwater
management practices in urban drainage Systems 269

N. P. ARMITAGE and A. ROOSEBOOM: The removal of litter from stormwater conduits in the
developing worid 277

P. KOLSKY, D. BUTLER, S. CAIRNCROSS, U. J. BLUMENTHAL and M. HOSSEINI: Modelling
drainage performance in slums of developing countries: how good is good enough? 285

Keyword index 293

___________________________

WATER SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY
VOL. 39, NO. 4,


CONTENTS


M. B. BECK: Coping with ever larger problems, models, and data bases 1


R. H. VAN WAVEREN: Application of models in water management in The Netherlands: past,
present and future 13



Wastewater
I. D. CLÜCKIE, A. LANE and J. YÜAN: Modelling large urban drainage systems in real time 21



C. JOANNIS, M. AUMOND, S. DAUPHIN, G, RÜBAN, A. DEGÜIN and G. BRIDOUX:
Modeling activated sludge mass transfer in a treatment plant 29


G. LADIGES, C. GUNNER and R. OTTERPOHL: Optimisation of the Hamburg wastewater
treatment plants by dynamic simulation 37



H. M. VAN VELDHÜIZEN, M. C. M. VAN LOOSDRECHT and F. A. BRANDSE: Model based
evaluation of plant improvement strategies for biological nutrient removal 45


J. ALEX, R. TSCHEPETZKI, U. JUMAR, F. OBENAUS and K.-H. ROSENWINKEL: Analysis
and design of suitable model structures for activated sludge tanks with circulating flow 55


B. DE CLERCQ, F. COEN, B. VANDERHAEGEN and P. A. VANROLLEGHEM: Calibrating
simple models for mixing and flow propagation in waste water treatment plants 61


T. J. J. KALKER, C. P. VAN GOOR, P. J. ROELEVELD, M. F. RULAND and R. BABUSKA:
Fuzzy control of aeration in an activated sludge wastewater treatment plant: design, simulation
and evaluation 71


X. LE TALLEC, A. VIDAL and D. THORNBERG: Upflow biological filter: modeling and
simulation of filtration 79


J. BEHRENDT: Modeling of aerated upflow fixed bed reactors for nitrification 85


L. J. S. LUKASSE, K. J. KEESMAN, A. KLAPWIJK and G. VAN STRATEN: A comparision of
NH(4) /NO(3) control strategies for alternating activated sludge processes 93


F. OBENAUS, K.-H. ROSENWINKEL, J. ALEX, R. TSCHEPETZKI and U. JUMAR:
Components of a model-based operation system for wastewater treatment plants 103



O. NOWAK, A. FRANZ, K. SVARDAL, V. MÜLLER and V. KÜHN: Parameter estimation for
activated sludge models with the help of mass balances 113


T. WIK: Rational transfer function models for nitrifying trickling filters 121


A. CARUCCI, E. ROLLE and P. SMURRA: Management optimisation of a large wastewater
treatment plant 129


H. SPANJERS,I. TAKÄCS and H. BROÜWER: Direct parameter extraction from respirograms for
wastewater and biomass characterization 137


G. KOLISCH, J. LONDONG, M. HAUPT and C. HULSCH: Support of sewage processing by an
online simulation 147


S. LAINE, L. PHAN, P. PELLARIN and P. ROBERT: Operating diagnostics on a flocculator-
settling tank using FLUENT CFD software 155


K. SEGGELKE, F. OBENAUS and K.-H. ROSENWINKEL: Dynamic simulation of a low loaded
trickling filter for nitrification 163


A. STAMOU, A. KATSIRI, I. MANTZIARAS, K. BOSHNAKOV, B. KOÜMANOVA and
S. STOYANOV: Modelling of an alternating oxidation ditch system 169


S. R. WEIJERS: On BOD tests for the determination of biodegradable COD for calibrating
Activated Sludge Model No. 1 177


Integrated Water Management

A. M. J. RAGAS and R. S. E. W. LEUVEN: Modelling of water quality-based emission limits for
industrial discharges in rivers 185


P. J. A. GIJSBERS: DELFTMMD: a tool for integration of independent models in a decision
supportsystem 193


D. TILLMAN, T. A. LARSEN, C. PAHL-WOSTL and W. GUJER: Modeling the actors in water
supply systems 203


R. CRABTREE, M. HICKMAN And D. MARTIN: Integrated water quality and environmental
cost-benefit modelling for the management of the River Tame 213


A. H. LOBBRECHT: Design of rural water systems using dynamic models 221


M. GRUM and R. H. AALDERINK: Uncertainty in return period analysis of combined sewer
overflow effects using embedded Monte Carlo simulations 233


S. BARRAUD, Y. AZZOUT, F. N. CRES and B. CHOCAT: Selection aid of alternative techniques
in urban storm drainage - proposition of an expert system 241


T. T. TANYIMBOH, R. BURD, R. BURROWS and M. TABESH: Modelling and reliability
analysis of water distribution systems 249


P. A. VANROLLEGHEM, W. SCHILLING, W. RAUCH, P. KREBS and H. AALDERINK:
Setting up measuring campaigns for integrated wastewater modelling 257



A. H. LOBBRECHT, M. D. SINKE and S. B. BOUMA: Dynamic control of the Delfland Polders
and storage basin, The Netherlands 269


Keywordindex 281

WATER SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY
VOL. 39 , NO. 10-11 , 1999


CONTENTS

S. MERIC I . KABDASLI, O. TÜNAY and D. ORHON: Treatability of strong wastewaters from 1
polyester manufacturing industry

H.-Y. Hü, N. GOTO and K. FÜJIE: Concepts and methodologies to minimize pollutant discharge for 9
zero-emission production

L. CASTILLO, H. EL KHORASSANI, P. TREBUCHON and O. THOMAS: ÜV treatability test for 17
chemical and petrochemical wastewater

G. ROOS: Environmental economics in the chemical processes industry 25

J. HARRIS, H. R. VAN VLIET and H. M. MACKAY: Water resource quality policy: the approach 31
adopted by the Department of Water Affairs and Forestry under the water law principles

A. R. PITMAN and L. A. BOYD: Transforming local government wastewater departments - from 39
adversary to industrial partner

D. SCOTT: Is public participation in the pipeline? A social impact assessment of marine waste 47
disposal in Southern Kwazulu-Natal

M. TONKES, P. J. F. DE GRAAF and J. GRAANSMA: Assessment of complex industrial effluents 55
in the Netherlands using a whole effluent toxicity (or wet) approach

C. TREVIZO and N. NIRMALAKHANDAN: Prediction of microbial toxicity of industrial organic 63
chemicals

T. TILLER and J. ZAGORC-KONÖAN: Toxicity evaluation of wastewater from the pharmaceutical 71
industry to aquatic organisms

H. EL KHORASSANI, P. TREBUCHON, H. BITAR and 0. THOMAS: A simple ÜV 77
spectrophotometric procedure for the survey of industrial sewage system

F. G. EDWARDS, E. EGEMEN, R. BRENNAN and N. NIRMALAKHANDAN: Ranking of toxics 83
release inventory chemicals using a Level III fugacity model and toxicity

V. T. COOMBE, K. W. MOORE and M. J. HUTCHINGS: TIE and TRE: an abbreviated guide to 91
dealing with toxicity

D. L. CADAVID, M. ZAIAT and E. FORESTI: Performance of horizontal-flow anaerobic 99
immobilized sludge (HAIS) reactor treating synthetic substrate subjected to decreasing COD to
sulfate ratios

C. J. BROUCKAERT, C. A. BUCKLEY and E. P. JACOBS: Common pitfalls in the design and 107
operation of membrane plants - or how I should have done it!

Contents

S. K. OUKI and M. KAVANNAGH: Treatment of metals-contaminated wastewaters by use of 115
natural zeolites

M. ABISSY and L. MANDI: Comparative study of wastewater purification efficiencies of two 123
emergent helophytes: Typha latifolia and Juncus subulatus under arid climate

F. BUX, B. ATKJNSON and H. C. KASAN: Zinc biosorption by waste activated and digested 127
sludges

J.-E. CHANG, T.-T. UN, M.-S. KO, Z.-J. CHEN and Y.-K. CHANG: Long-term stability of 131
ICEtX/Oi(OH)2 matrix in landfill leachates

L. CHARERNTANYARAK: Heavy metals removal by chemical coagulation and precipitation 135

C.-Y. CHEN, J.-N. CHEN and S.-D. CHEN: Toxicity assessment of industrial wastewater by 139
microbial testing method

Y.-H. HUANG, S. CHOU, M.-G. PERNG, G.-H. HUANG and S.-S. CHENG: Case study on the 145
bioeffluent of petrochemical wastewater by electro-Fenton method

M. CLAASSEN: Ecological risk assessment as a framework for environmental impact assessments 151

E. EGEMEN, J. CORPENING, J. PADILLA, R. BRENNAN and N. NIRMALAKHANDAN: 155
Evaluation ofozonation and cryptic growth for biosolids management in wastewater treatment

A. FAKHRU'L-RAZI and M. J. M. M. NOOR: Treatment of palm oil mill effluent (POME) with the 159
membrane anaerobic system (MAS)

A. HAJDÜ and l. LICSKÖ: Environmental pollution caused by a non-ferrous metal smelter 165

A. HANSA, V. L. PILLAY and C. A. BUCKLEY: Analysis of reactive dyes using high performance 169
capillary electrophoresis

L. HILL and S. JOOSTE: The effects of contaminated sediments of the Blesbok Spruit near Witbank 173
on water quality and the toxicity thereof to Daphniapulex

C.-L. LEE, T. C. WANG, C.-K. LIN and H.-K. MOK: Heavy metals removal by a promising locally 177
available aquatic plant, Najas graminea Del., in Taiwan

A. J. OWEN, J. S. COLBOURNE.C. R. I. CLAYTON and C. FIFE-SCHAW: Risk communication 183
of hazardous processes associated with drinking water quality - a mental models approach to
customer perception, part I - a methodology

T. J. PARK, K. H. LEE, E. J. JUNG and C. W. KIM: Removal of refractory organics and color in 189
pigment wastewater with Fenton oxidation

J. PETERSEN and J. G. PETRIE: Modelling heavy metal mobilisation in solid waste deposits - a 193
predictive tool for environmental risk assessment

M. J. PRYOR, D. NOZAIC, S. D. FREESE and R. RAJAGOPAUL: The use of granular activated 197
carbon for the treatment of impounded surface water

C. BRASQUET, E. SUBRENAT and P. LE CLOIREC: Removal of phenolic compounds from 201
aqueous solution by activated carbon cloths

Contents vii

D. J. ROUX, C. J. KLEYNHANS and C. THIRION: Biological monitoring and assessment of rivers 207
as a basis for identifying and prioritising river management options

R. J. SCRIVEN, S. K. OUKI, A. S. DOGGART and M. J. BAUER: The impact ofphysico-chemical 211
water treatment on a novel flotation/filtration process

M. SEBLELA, R. BREWER, G. MOYLE and T. TLJOMINEN: Occurrence of an environmental 217
estrogen (4-nonylphenol) in sewage treatment plant effluent and the aquatic receiving environment

J. ZAGORC-KONÖAN and J. SOMEN: A simple test for monitoring biodegradable industrial 221
pollution in receiving stream

J.-N. CHEN, Y.-C. CHAN and M.-C. LU: Photocatalytic oxidation ofchlorophenols in the presence 225
of manganese ions

J. P. MAREE, W. F. STRYDOM and M. DE BEER: Integrated iron(ll) oxidation and limestone 231
neutralisation of acid mine water

P. RICOU, 1. LECUYER and P. LE CLOIREC: Removal ofCu(2+), Zn(2+) and Pb(2+) by adsorption onto 239
fly ash and fly ash/lime mixing

X. Z. LI and Y. G. ZHAO: Advanced treatment of dyeing wastewater for reuse 249

B. RÜSTEN, C. H. JOHNSON, S. DEVALL, D. DAVOREN and B. S. CASHION: Biological 257
pretreatment of a chemical plant wastewater in high-rate moving bed biofilm reactors

I. KABDA$LI, M. GÜREL and 0. TÜNAY: Pollution prevention and waste treatment in chemical 265
synthesis processes for pharmaceutical industry

H. CHUA and P. H. F. YU: Production of biodegradable plastics from chemical wastewater - a novel 273
method to reduce excess activated sludge generated from industrial wastewater treatment

B. J. D'ARCY, R. B. TODD and A.W. WITHER: Industrial effluent control and waste minimisation: 281
case studies by UK regulators

S. AL-MUZAINI: Waste minimization program in Siluaiba Industrial Area 289

S. JOOSTE and C. THIRION: An ecological risk assessment for a South African acid mine drainage 297

W. R. HARTLEY, A. J. ENGLANDE, JR and D. J. HARRINGTON: Health risk assessment of 305
groundwater contaminated with methyl tertiary butyl etlier (MTBE)

S.-D. CHEN, C.-Y. CHEN and Y.-F. WANG: Treating higli-strength nitrate wastewater by three 311
biological processes

F. J. DENNISON, A. AZAPAGIC, R. CLIFT and J. S. COLBOURNE: Life Cycle Assessment: 315
comparing strategic options for the mains infrastructure - part I

L. ETIEGNI, M. WAKOLI and K. OFOSU-ASIEDU: Design of an efficient tannin extract effluent 321
treatment system

S. D. FREESE, D. NOZAIC, M. J. PRYOR, D. L. TROLLIP and R. A. SMITH: Comparison of 325
ozone and hydrogen peroxide/ozone for the treatment ofeutrophic water

Contents vii

D. J. ROUX, C. J. KLEYNHANS and C. THIRION: Biological monitoring and assessment of rivers 207
as a basis for identifying and prioritising river management options

R. J. SCRIVEN, S. K. OUKI, A. S. DOGGART and M. J. BAUER: The impact ofphysico-chemical 211
water treatment on a novel flotation/filtration process

M. SEBLELA, R. BREWER, G. MOYLE and T. TLJOMINEN: Occurrence of an environmental 217
estrogen (4-nonylphenol) in sewage treatment plant effluent and the aquatic receiving environment

J. ZAGORC-KONÖAN and J. SOMEN: A simple test for monitoring biodegradable industrial 221
pollution in receiving stream

J.-N. CHEN, Y.-C. CHAN and M.-C. LU: Photocatalytic oxidation ofchlorophenols in the presence 225
of manganese ions

J. P. MAREE, W. F. STRYDOM and M. DE BEER: Integrated iron(ll) oxidation and limestone 231
neutralisation of acid mine water

P. RICOU, 1. LECUYER and P. LE CLOIREC: Removal ofCu(2+), Zn(2+) and Pb(2+) by adsorption onto 239
fly ash and fly ash/lime mixing

X. Z. LI and Y. G. ZHAO: Advanced treatment of dyeing wastewater for reuse 249

B. RÜSTEN, C. H. JOHNSON, S. DEVALL, D. DAVOREN and B. S. CASHION: Biological 257
pretreatment of a chemical plant wastewater in high-rate moving bed biofilm reactors

I. KABDA$LI, M. GÜREL and 0. TÜNAY: Pollution prevention and waste treatment in chemical 265
synthesis processes for pharmaceutical industry

H. CHUA and P. H. F. YU: Production of biodegradable plastics from chemical wastewater - a novel 273
method to reduce excess activated sludge generated from industrial wastewater treatment

B. J. D'ARCY, R. B. TODD and A.W. WITHER: Industrial effluent control and waste minimisation: 281
case studies by UK regulators

S. AL-MUZAINI: Waste minimization program in Siluaiba Industrial Area 289

S. JOOSTE and C. THIRION: An ecological risk assessment for a South African acid mine drainage 297

W. R. HARTLEY, A. J. ENGLANDE, JR and D. J. HARRINGTON: Health risk assessment of 305
groundwater contaminated with methyl tertiary butyl etlier (MTBE)

S.-D. CHEN, C.-Y. CHEN and Y.-F. WANG: Treating higli-strength nitrate wastewater by three 311
biological processes

F. J. DENNISON, A. AZAPAGIC, R. CLIFT and J. S. COLBOURNE: Life Cycle Assessment: 315
comparing strategic options for the mains infrastructure - part I

L. ETIEGNI, M. WAKOLI and K. OFOSU-ASIEDU: Design of an efficient tannin extract effluent 321
treatment system

S. D. FREESE, D. NOZAIC, M. J. PRYOR, D. L. TROLLIP and R. A. SMITH: Comparison of 325
ozone and hydrogen peroxide/ozone for the treatment ofeutrophic water


A. B. KARAMA, O. O. ONYEJEKWE, C. J. BROUCKAERT and C. A. BÜCKLEY: The use of 329
computational fluid dynamics (CFD). Technique for evaluating the efficiency of an activated sludge
reactor

l. LICSKÖ, L. LOIS and G. SZEBENYI: Tailings as a source of environmental pollution 333

l. M.-C. LO, W. K.-W. LAW and H. M. SHEN: Risk assessment using stochastic modeling of 337
pollutant transport in landfill clay liners

K. OFOSU-ASIEDU, D. A. OTEINO, J. 0. OMOLO and L. ETIEGNI: Sewage re-use for irrigation 343
in Athi River town Kenya: its implications on public health

J. SACKS, C. A. BUCKLEY, E. SENIOR and H. KASAN: An assessment of the feasibility of 347
anaerobic digestion as a treatment method for high strength or toxic organic effluents

G. TREDOUX, P. KING and L. CAVE: Managing urban wastewater for maximising water resource 353
utilization

T. VAN REE: A chemical profile of the Mutshindudi River, Northern Province 357

B. J. GORE, G. GERICKE and W. DELPORT: PISCES: power industry integrated systems, 361
chemical emissions study

J. L. SLABBERT and E. A. VENTER: Biological assays for aquatic toxicity testing 367

A. ZGAJNAR GOTVAJN and J. ZAGORC-KONCAN: Biodegradation studies as an important way 375
to estimate the environmental fate of chemicals

Keyword index 383

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