WELDING JOURNAL
VOL. 78, NO. 2, FEBRUARY 1999
Feature Articles
Friction Stir Welding Takes Off at Boeing
M. R. Johnsen
A solid-state friction welding process forges a beginning in the aerospace business 35
Why heat treating is crucial in welded 41
Fabrication
B.Irving
Adhesives Are Penetrating Deeper into Industry 46
Worldwide
G.W.Ritter
Hidden Arc Welding: A Unique Process
W.B. Grant, etal.
A narrow-groove welding process with a self-oscillating arc shows
promise for specialty applications 49
Welding Research Supplement
Hydrogen-Induced Cracking along the Fusion Boundary of Dissimilar Metal Welds
M. D. Rowe, T. W. Nelson aiidJ. C. Lippold
Three different nickel-based filler metals were used in a study to determine the cause of weld cracking in
austenitic/ferritic metal combinations 31-s
Development of Welding Wire for High-Purity Austenitic Stainless Steels
H. Y. Han and Z. Sun
Filler metals for high-purity applications were evaluated for weldability, mechanical properties and
corrosion resistance 38-s
Thermocapillary and Arc Phenomena in Stainless Steel Welding
S. W. Pierce, P. Burgardt and D. L. Olson
Arc characteristics that influence weld shape in gas tungsten arc welding are determined 45-s
Observation of the Keyhole during Plasma Arc Welding
Y. M. Zhang and S. B Zhang
Factors that maintain the stability of a keyhole are studied 53-s
On-Line Quality Monitoring in Short-Circuit Gas Metal Arc Welding
S. Adolfsson, et aJ.
An investigation into short-circuiting gas metal arc welding with robots reveals ways to detect a change
in weld quality 59-s
Monthly Columns
Press-Time News .............. 7
Washington Watchword ........ 9
Editorial .................... 10
Commentary ................. 12
CyberNotes ................. 14
Conferences ................. 16
News of the Industry ........... 18
New Products ................ 26
NavyJoming Center ....... .. 40
Welding Workbook ........... 53
Coming Events ............... 55
Personnel................... 57
Automation.................. 59
Brazing Q & A. ....... ...... .. 60
New Literature ............... 61
Book Review ................ 64
Society News ................. 65
Guide to AWS Services ......... 66
Principal Reviewers ........... 84
Classifieds .................. 85
Advertiser Index........... .. 88
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WELDING JOURNAL
VOL. 78, NO. 4, APRIL 1999
Feature Articles
Sensors and Controls Continue to Close the Loop in
Arc Welding 31
Welding Research Rejuvenated at Lehigh University
J.N.Dupont and A.W.pense 39
Get that spatter under control
A.Cullison 43
Attacking Arc Blow
D.Schaffer
A novel solution to arc blow might be right in your shop waiting to be discovered 47
Laser Welding Helps Standardize Automobile Fuel Injectors
An improved design in an automotive component calls for laser welding 51
Do You Know Where Your Gas Cylinder Is?
A unique identification tag using radio frequency technology promises reliable cylinder tracking where bar coding miglit fail 53
Welding Research Supplement
Modeling and Analysis of Laser Melting within a Narrow Groove Weld Joint
J. 0. Milewski and M. B. Barbe
A three-dimensional ray tracing model considers the effects of joint geometry, weld parameters and materials reflectivity 109-s
Determination of Weld Loads and Throat Requirements Using Finite Element Analysis with
Shell Element Models — A Comparison with Classical Analysis
M. A. Weaver
Determining stress states at the root and toe of fillet and partial penetration welds helps improve the modeling for predicting
fracture initiation 1l6-s
Intermediate Temperature Joining of Dissimilar Metals
F. M. llosking, et al.
A viable filler metal with a melting range of 400°-600°C for joining copper to dissimilar metals is sought 127-s
Process Behavior and Stability in Short Circuit Gas Metal Arc Welding
M. J. M. Hermans and G. Den Ouden
A direct correlation between short circuit frequency and weld pool oscillation frequency for process stability is discovered I37-s
Fume Formation Rates in Gas Metal Arc Welding
B. J. Quimby and G. 1). lJlrich
More accurate fume generation data are possible with a newly designed fume chamber I42 ~s
Monthly Columns
Press-Time News ......... . . .. . 5
Washington Watchword ........ 7
Editorial ..................... 8
Letters to the Editor . .. .. . . . . . . . 9
Commentary .. ........ ... . . 10
CyberNotes ... ..... .. 12
conferences... . ... . . 14
News of the industry l8
Automation.. .. ..... ... 21
NewProducts... .... 24
WeldingWorkbook.. 55
Coming Events . . . . .. . . .. ..... 58
Society News................. 61
Guide to AWS Services - 62
NewLitemture 86
SolderingTbpics......... 89
Brazing Q & A 9l
Navy Joining Center 92
Personnel 93
Glassifieds. 94
Adyertiser lndix... 98
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WELDING JOURNAL
VOL. 78, NO. 5, MAY 1999
Feature Articles
SPECIAL EMPHASIS: GMAW and FCAW — ApphcaUons, Equipment and ConsumabJes
• Twin-Wire GMAW: Process Characteristics and Appfications
K. Michic, et al. 31
• No Inverter or Microprocessor — Just Basic GMA Welding
Selecting FCAW Electrodes to Ensure Proper Weld Deposil 36
Switch to Solid Wire Improves Welding Operations 43
A look at the fundamentals of gas metal Arc Welding
H.Sadler
Get the most out of the GMAW process by understanding the basics of its operation 45
Welding Research Supplement
Strength and Structure of Furnace-Brazed Joints between Aluminum and Stainless Steel
I. Roulin, et'dL
way to avoid foint brittieness with Airnace brazing is found I 51 -s
tiding Distortion of a Thin-Plate Panel Structure
I. Tsai, et aL
limitations and capabilities of various distortion control methods are examined I 56-s
ExperimentoJ Approach to Selection of Pulsing Parameters in Pulsed GMAW
\nbrainaniam, et nl.
ltistical experimentaJ design is used to identify parameters that lead to efficient welding procedures I66-s
roximate Stress Intensity Factors and Notch Stresses for Common
t-Welded Specimens
ang
plified method for predicting spot weld integrity is checked for acceptable accuracy I73-s
irtensite Boundary on the WRC-1992 Diagfarn
ioteckl
fication to the most recent WRC constitution diagram to make it more accurate is proposed I80-s
Monthly Columns
Press-Time News .............. 5
Washington Watchword ......... 7
Editorial ..................... 8
Commentary................. 10
CyberNotes .................. 12
Conferences ................. 14
Letters to the Editor ........... 15
News of the Industry ........... 18
New Products ................ 24
Welding Workbook ........... 49
Coming Events ............... 52
Automation .................. 57
NavyJoining Center ........... 60
Society News ................. 63
Section News ................ 70
Guide to AWS Services ......... 87
New Literature ....... ........ 89
Brazing Q&A........ ...... ... 92
Personnel ................... 93
Classifieds .................. 95
Advertiser Index .............. 97
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WELDING JOURNAL
VOL. 78, NO. 8, AUGUST 1999
Feature Articles
The Basics of GTA Welding Machines
E. K. Stava
The technical aspects of the gas tungsten arc process and the technology of power sources are explained for the average user 33
What Every Engineer Should Know about Welding Procedures
D. K. Miller
Knowledge of welding procedure specifications is a must for engineers who design for wclding 37
Welding Hits a Home Run at New Stadium
Welding gives the strength and shape needed for the unique new home of the Milwaukee Brewers 45
Classification Changes in Chromium-Molybdenum Electrodes for Arc Welding
J. S. Lee and H. W. Ebert
What industry should know about the reclassification of Cr-Mo electrodes is detailed 49
Special Report on the Welding Industry's Vision for the Future
A summary report on the "Vision for Welding Industry" document offers a look into the future and proposes goals for the
welding community to attain 52
Field Welding with Advanced Technology
1'. Heston
Engine-driven power sources, the rugged machines of field welding, are beginning to see changes in technology 55
Welding Research Supplement
Analytical Solutions for Transient Temperature of Semi-Infinite Body Subjected to
3-D Moving Heat Sources
N. T. Ngliycil, et al.
Models for moving heat sources give a means for predicting weld pool geomctry 265-s
A Study on the Role of Adhesives in Weld-Bonded Joints
B. II. Cliang, ft al.
A search is made for the best adhesive characteristics to give fatigue strength in weld-bonded joints 275-s
Weld Microstructure Development and Properties of Precipitation-Strengthened
Martensitic Stainless Steels
J. A. Brooks and W. M. Garrison, Jr.
Three different precipitation-strengthened steels are evaluated for solidification cracking susceptibility, mechanical properties
and microstructural evolulion 280-s
^Welding Consumable Development for a Cryogenic (4K) Application
S. F. Kane, ct al.
Advanced magnetic technology demands welds that retain toughness at cryogenic tempeiatures 292-s
Monthly Columns
Press-Time News .............. 7
Washington Watchword ......... 9
Editorial .................... 10
Commentary ................. 12
CyberNotes .................. 14
Letters to the Editor ........... 15
Automation .................. 16
Conferences ................. 18
News of the Industry. . . . ... . . .20
New Products ................ 26
Welding Workbook . ... 61
Society News ................. 67
Guide to AWS Services ......... 89
Navy Joining Center ........... 92
Coming Events ............... 94
Brazing Q&A ......... ........ 98
Stainless Steel Q&A ........... 100
New Literature .............. 102
Personnel.................. 104
Classifieds.............. 105
Advertiser Index ............. 108
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WELDING JOURNAL
VOL. 78, NO. 9, SEPTEMBER 1999
Feature Articles
•Special Emphasis: Safety and Health
International Standardization: A Wake-Up Call for American Industry
B. lrving
As the world moves toward international standardization, American industry will be left by the wayside if a more
active role is not played/34
•Upset Welding Assures a Leak-Tight, Structurally Sound Seal
G. R. Canned, et al.
Welding plays a critical role in the safe disposal of high-level radioactive wastc 41
•Gratings Company Helps Employees Breathe a Little Easier
T. Pumphrey
A new fume extracting system clears the air for the employess of a grating manufacturer 45
•Hearing Protection: Don't Overprotect Yourself
I. H. Olsson
The question of how much is enough noise protection for industrial situations is answered 49
•Keeping Safe during Construction Welding and Cutting Jobs
P. A. Satti
Some common health and safety hazards associated with welding and cutting in the construction industry are examined 53
•Shielding Gases and Their Effects on Fume Generation
L. Dreon, et aJ.
A manufacturer devises a test to determine the best combination of shielding gas and low fume emission for the CiMAW process 56
•Wearing Safety Eyewear Is a Matter of Seeing
D. Roll
Many eye injuries in the workplace are preventable with the variety of protective eyewear now available in the marketplace 61
•Trapped-Key Interlocks Help Prevent Industrial Accidents
R. Puddicombe
Safety concerns during startup and shutdown operations are addressed with reliable interlock systems 63
Welding Research Supplement
Effects of Superplastic Deformation on the Diffusion Welding of SuperDux 65 Stainless Steel
M. S. Ych, ct al.
The right combination of welding temperature and pressure to ensure tight contact and appropriate strengtii at the weld interface
are determined 301-s
Critical Specimen Sizes for Tensile-Shear Testing of Steel Sheets
M. Zhou, et al.
The results of tills investigation can be used as a guideline for specimen preparation and analyzing tensile-shear strengtli 305-s
Effects of Welding Parameters and Electrode Atmospheric Exposure on the Diffusible Hydrogen
Content of Gas Shielded Flux Cored Arc Welds
D. D. Harwig, et al.
The effects of process parameters on diffusible hydrogen in the weld were determined, and a procedure for atmospheric exposure testing
was established 314-s
Arc Sensing for Defects in Constant-Voltage Gas Metal Arc Welding
T. P. Quinn, et al.
Current and voltage are used to detect flaws in an automatic gas metal arc welding system 322-s
Monthly Columns
Press-Time News 7
Washington Watchword ... .... . . 9
Editorial .................... 10
Commentary ...... ...... . . . . 12
CyberNotes. 14
Conferences . . .. .... 16
Newsoftheindustry.. ...... . . . 20
New Products .... . . . . 26
Foundation Report .. ........ .. 65
Welding Workbook .. . .. 81
Coming Events ............... 86
Automation. . .. .. . 93
Society News . ... . ... . .... .. 99
Guide to AWS Services . . ... ... 118
NavyJoiningCenter.. . . . .. .. .. 120
New Literature .. ...... ... . . . 123
Book Review. .... . 127
Brazing Q&A 129
Stainless Q&A ....... . 131
Classifieds . . .... ........ 133
Advertiser index . 136
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